静脉注射全氟化碳乳剂对大鼠减压病防治作用的研究

目的 观察静脉注射全氟化碳乳剂(perfluorocarbon emulsion,PFCE)对大鼠减压病(decompression sickness,DCS)的防治作用.方法 以"700 kPa-60 min空气暴露、3 min减压"方案制备SD大鼠减压病模型,在高气压暴露前或暴露后即刻静脉注射PFCE(7 ml/kg),观察大鼠行为学(包括发病和死亡)以及肺、大脑和脊髓组织的病理变化.高气压暴露后以生理盐水处理,或者不经任何处理作为对照.结果 高气压暴露后即刻静脉注射PFCE的动物发病率(21.7%)显著低于生理盐水组(60.0%)(P<0.05)和空白对照组(66.7%)(P<0.01),死亡率(13.0%)显著低于空白对照组(42.9%)(P<0.05);大部分行为学及病理学指标显著改善(P<0.05).高气压暴露前静脉注射PFCE的动物发病率(80.0%)和死亡率(45.0%)与生理盐水组、空白对照组相比差异无统计学意义.结论 高气压暴露后即刻静脉注射PFCE对大鼠急性DCS具有良好的防治作用.

Protective effects of intravenous perfluorocarbon emulsion on decompression sickness model in rats

Objective To investigate protective effects of intravenous perfluorocarbon emulsion (PFCE) on decompression sickness (DCS) in rats.Methods An animal model was developed by using adult SD rats with the "700 kPa-60 min hyperbaric air exposure and 3 min decompression" profile.The animals were administered PFCE (7 ml/kg) intravenously immediately before compression(n=20) or after decompression (n=23).Animal behavior (including morbidity and mortality) and other symptomatic and pathologic indices were studied.The animal groups with saline (n=20) or no treatment(n=21) following exposure were used as control.Results Morbidity for the animals treated with PFCE (21.7%) was significantly lower than those treated simply with saline (60.0%)(P<0.05) or without treatment (66.7%)(P<0.01).When compared with that of the control group (42.9%),the mortality of PFCE animals (13.0%) was significantly lower (P<0.05).Most symptomatic and pathologic parameters improved notably (P<0.05).No significant differences could be seen in the morbidity (80.0%) and mortality (45.0%) of the animals treated with PFCE before compression,when a comparison was made between the PFCE treatment group and the saline or the control group (P>0.05).Conclusions Immediate intravenous administration of PFCE following hyperbaric exposure had obvious preventive and therapeutic effects on the occurrence of acute DCS.