妊娠期血脂改变与妊娠期糖尿病的关系

妊娠期随着雌孕激素的变化,内分泌代谢也会发生相应的生理性改变,但当改变超过生理性上限时会引发一系列妊娠期并发症,如妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM）、妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、早产和巨大儿等。GDM是其中较为常见的并发症,作为一种内分泌疾病,GDM常伴有糖代谢和脂代谢异常。而血脂代谢的异常也会增加GDM的患病风险。在妊娠早期发现血脂异常并加以控制,对GDM的预防、确诊和治疗意义重大,因此对GDM脂代谢的研究是十分有意义的。究竟是血脂代谢的改变增加了GDM的患病风险,还是GDM的发病导致了血脂代谢的紊乱,并没有明确的研究成果。综述妊娠期正常血脂代谢及妊娠期血脂代谢与GDM关系的研究进展。

The Relationship between Lipid Alterations during Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Due to the changes of estrogen and progesterone level during pregnancy, the endocrine metabolism will undergo corresponding physiological changes during pregnancy. But when the changes exceed the physiological upper limit, it will cause a series of pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery and giant babies. GDM is one of the more common complications, and as an endocrine disease, GDM is often associated with abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, abnormalities in lipid metabolism can also increase the risk of developing GDM. The detection and control of dyslipidemia in early pregnancy is of great significance for the prevention, confirmation and treatment of GDM, and therefore the study of lipid metabolism in GDM is of great interest. There are no clear findings on whether alterations in lipid metabolism increase the risk of developing GDM or whether the onset of GDM leads to disturbances in lipid metabolism. This paper will review the progress of research on normal lipid metabolism in pregnancy and the relationship between lipid metabolism and GDM in pregnancy.