青年近视人群视网膜劈裂的OCT特征

目的：:通过频域光学相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）观察青年近视人群视网膜劈裂的类型、患病率、组成比例、分布规律及临床特征，探讨青年近视人群视网膜劈裂的SD-OCT影像学特点。方法：:横断面研究。收集2020年7—12月于河北医科大学第二医院眼科近视激光手术门诊就诊的近视患者523例（1 046眼），其中低度近视（-3.0...

Observations of Retinoschisis in a Young Myopic Population Using OCT

Objective: To investigate the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging characteristics of retinoschisis by observing the types, prevalence, composition, distribution and clinical features of retinoschisis in a young myopic population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 1 046 eyes of 523 myopia patients who were treated at the ophthalmological laser surgery outpatient department of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July 2020 to December 2020 were recruited. Of these, 227 eyes (21.7%) were diagnosed with low myopia (-3.00- 0 D), 405 eyes (38.7%)were diagnosed with moderate myopia (>-6.00- -3.00 D), and 414 eyes (39.6%) were diagnosed with high myopia (≤-6.00 D). The participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including best corrected visual acuity, axial length measurement, refractive error, color fundus photography and SD-OCT examinations. Multiple SD-OCT scans of each patient were made along the upper and lower arcades of the temporal and nasal quadrants of the retina and across the fovea. The distribution of retinoschisis in the four quadrants of the retina was observed. The types, prevalence, composition, distribution and clinical features of retinoschisis were analyzed. A Pearson Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis of the distribution of paravascular inner and outer retinoschisis. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis of the distribution of middle retinoschisis. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used for statistical analysis of age and refractive error in the subgroups of paravascular retinoschisis. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of axial length. Results: Of the 1 046 eyes with different degrees of myopia, paravascular retinoschisis was detected by SD-OCT in 30 eyes (2.9%). Myopic macular retinoschisis was never detected. Paravascular retinoschisis was classified into three different subtypes: Inner, middle and outer retinoschisis. The overall prevalence of the three subtypes of paravascular retinoschisis in the young myopic population was 2.9%, 0.8% and 1.5%, respectively. Of the 30 eyes with paravascular retinoschisis, inner retinoschisis was found in all 30 eyes, middle retinoschisis in 8 eyes, and outer retinoschisis in 16 eyes. All three subtypes of paravascular retinoschisis (inner: χ2 =13.468, P<0.001, middle: P=0.002, outer: χ2 =13.576, P<0.001) were observed more frequently along the temporal vascular arcades. Conclusions: All three subtypes of paravascular retinoschisis were more frequently observed along the temporal vascular arcades. Inner retinoschisis may be the predominant subtype of paravascular retinoschisis and is mainly related to the tangential traction of the posterior vitreous cortical and anterior traction of the retinal vessels in a young myopic population.