HIV感染者外周血CXCR5+CD4+T细胞水平与HIV病毒载量相关性

目的 研究外周血CXCR5+CD4⁺滤泡辅助性T细胞（follicular helper T,TFH）水平与HIV感染者血浆HIV病毒载量的相关性。方法 纳入2019年1月—2020年12月期间青海省第四人民医院收治的100例HIV感染者,根据CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数分为A组（CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数<200/ μL）23例和B组（CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数200~<500/ μL）77例,以同期行健康体检80名健康者为对照组。分别检测HIV感染者外周血中HIV病毒载量、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数和TFH水平以及健康对照组CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数以及TFH水平,并进行相关性分析。结果 A组血浆HIV病毒载量为（4.70±1.13） log /mL显著高于B组（2.74±0.74）log/mL（P<0.05）。A、B和健康对照组CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数分别为（113.64±23.44）/μL、（334.10±31.52） / μL和（995.41±49.23） /μL,三者比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。A、B和健康对照组TFH细胞计数绝对值分别为（18.63±5.67） /μL、（59.35±13.73） /μL和(194.85±25.78) /μL,A、B组均低于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;A、B和健康对照组TFH细胞百分比分别为（15.83±4.05）%、（17.57±5.08）% 和（19.59±4.25）%,A、B组均低于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示,HIV病毒载量与CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数以及TFH细胞计数呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论 HIV感染者外周血CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数和TFH计数与HIV病毒载量呈负相关,且TFH计数可作为病情诊断和预后评估的重要指标,并有望成为HIV感染免疫治疗的新靶标。

Correlation between the level of CXCR5+CD4+T cells in peripheral blood and HIV viral load of HIV-infected patients

Objective To analyse the correlation between CXCR5+CD4+ follicular helper T cell (TFH) level and HIV viral load in HIV infected patients. Methods Totally 100 HIV infected patients admitted to Fourth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected, and divided into A group (23 cases, CD4⁺T lymphocyte counts <200/μL) and B group (77 cases, 200 /μL ≤CD4⁺T lymphocyte counts <500/μL), and 80 healthy persons were collected as control group. The HIV viral loads, CD4⁺T lymphocyte counts and TFH levels of each group were detected, the correlation was analyzed. Results The HIV viral load of A group (4.70±1.13)log/mL] was higher than B group (2.74±0.74) log/mL] (P<0.05). The CD4⁺T lymphocyte counts of three groups (113.64±23.44) /μL, (334.10±31.52) /μL, (995.41±49.23) /μL] were significantly different (P<0.05). As compared with control group (194.85±25.78) /μL], the TFH cell counts of A group (18.63±5.67) /μL] and B group (59.35±13.73) /μL] were lower (P<0.05); the TFH cell percentage of A group (15.83±4.05)%] and B group (17.57±5.08)%] was lower than control group (19.59±4.25)%] (P<0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis showed that HIV viral load was negatively correlated with CD4⁺T lymphocyte count and TFH cell count (P<0.05). Conclusion The HIV viral load in HIV infected patients was negatively correlated with CD4⁺T lymphocyte count and TFH cell count, which could be superior diagnosis and prognosis indexes and new target of immunotherapy for HIV infected patients.