Nutraceuticals as potential therapeutic agents for colon cancer: a review |
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| Authors: | Palaniselvam Kuppusamy Mashitah M. Yusoff Gaanty Pragas Maniam Solachuddin Jauhari Arief Ichwan Ilavenil Soundharrajan Natanamurugaraj Govindan |
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| Affiliation: | aMammalian Cell Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia;bKulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia;cDepartment of Biochemistry, National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 441706, South Korea |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Colon cancer is a world-wide health problem and the second-most dangerous type of cancer, affecting both men and women. The modern diet and lifestyles, with high meat consumption and excessive alcohol use, along with limited physical activity has led to an increasing mortality rate for colon cancer worldwide. As a result, there is a need to develop novel and environmentally benign drug therapies for colon cancer. Currently, nutraceuticals play an increasingly important role in the treatment of various chronic diseases such as colon cancer, diabetes and Alzheimer׳s disease. Nutraceuticals are derived from various natural sources such as medicinal plants, marine organisms, vegetables and fruits. Nutraceuticals have shown the potential to reduce the risk of colon cancer and slow its progression. These dietary substances target different molecular aspects of colon cancer development. Accordingly, this review briefly discusses the medicinal importance of nutraceuticals and their ability to reduce the risk of colorectal carcinogenesis.KEY WORDS: Colon cancer, Nutraceuticals, Therapeutics, Marine organisms, Plant derivativesAbbreviations: ACC, acetyl CoA carboxylase; ACF, aberrant crypt foci; ACL, ATP-citrate lyase; ASTX, astaxanthin; COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2; DHA, decahexaenoic acid; DMH, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine; DR, death receptor; EGCG, epigallocatechingallate; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; FAS, fatty acid synthase; 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; GADD, growth arrest and DNA damage; HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IL, interleukin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MMP, matrix metallo-proteins; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; PRAP, prolactin receptor associated protein; TCA, tricarboxylic acid cycle; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor |
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| Keywords: | Colon cancer Nutraceuticals Therapeutics Marine organisms Plant derivatives ACC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0010" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" acetyl CoA carboxylase ACF" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0020" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" aberrant crypt foci ACL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0030" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" ATP-citrate lyase ASTX" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0040" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" astaxanthin COX-2" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0050" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" cyclooxygenase 2 DHA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" decahexaenoic acid DMH" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0070" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 1,2-dimethylhydrazine DR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0080" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" death receptor EGCG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0090" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" epigallocatechingallate EPA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0100" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" eicosapentaenoic acid FAS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0110" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fatty acid synthase 5-FU" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0120" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 5-fluorouracil GADD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0130" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" growth arrest and DNA damage HMG-CoA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0140" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA HUVEC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0150" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" human umbilical vein endothelial cell IGF" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0160" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" insulin-like growth factor IL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0170" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" interleukin LDH" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0180" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" lactate dehydrogenase MMP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0190" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" matrix metallo-proteins nuclear factor-kappa B PRAP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0210" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" prolactin receptor associated protein TCA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0220" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" tricarboxylic acid cycle TNF" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0230" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" tumor necrosis factor TRAIL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0240" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand VEGF" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" key0250" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" vascular endothelial growth factor |
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