柳属植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展

柳属植物资源丰富,全球约有520种,其树皮、枝、叶、花絮等部位均可入药,具有悠久的药用历史。该属化学成分多样,包括黄酮类、水杨酸及其衍生物类、苯丙素类、萜类、蒽醌类、甾体类等多种结构,具有抗肿瘤、镇痛抗炎、抗氧化、降血糖、调节神经系统、促进脂肪分解等药理作用。通过查阅中国知网、PubMed等数据库,对2008—2018年有关柳属植物的研究进行归纳总结,综述了其化学成分及药理作用的研究进展,为该属植物药用活性成分及其作用机制的研究提供参考依据,进一步促进该属植物的合理开发与利用。

Advances in chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of plants of genus Salix

Plants of the genus Salix L. are abundant in resources, consisting more than 520 species throughout the world. The bark, branches, leaves, and flowers of different Salix species are used in folk medicines with a long history. There are several kinds of chemical components in the Salix plants, such as flavonoids, salicylic acid and its derivatives, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones and steroids, which have the pharmacological activities of anti-tumor, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, regulating the nervous system, promoting the lipid dissolution, etc. In the present paper, we summarize the research reports related with plants of the genus Salix from the databases of CNKI and PubMed from 2008 to 2018, and review the research progress of chemical components and pharmacological effects to provide references for the in-depth studies of medicinal active ingredients and their action mechanism on this genus, hoping to promote the further rational development and utilization of the Salix plants.