北京市HIV-1抗体阳性人群蛋白印迹试验带型分析

目的分析HIV-1抗体阳性者流行病学特征及样本的蛋白印迹试验(western blot,WB)带型,为开展艾滋病防治提供科学依据.方法研究对象为2015—2017年北京市HIV确证中心实验室检测的HIV-1抗体阳性的人群,对该人群人口学特征进行统计分析,并对标本进行WB带型分析.结果 3196份HIV-1阳性样本中,男性占95.6%,20~39岁占74.9%,大专及以上文化程度占57.0%,未婚占69.1%,同性传播和异性传播分别占80.3%、17.8%.3196份HIV-1阳性样本的WB条带中,2653份样本出现全条带(83.0%);单条带型的反应性率分析中,出现率排在前三的是gp160(99.9%)、p66(99.6%)和p24(99.4%);带型p31在不同年龄间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),带型p66在不同文化程度间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),带型p24在不同感染途径间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),各条带在不同性别、不同婚姻状态间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论北京市HIV-1抗体阳性HIV感染者在20~39岁、具有大专及以上文化程度、未婚男性人群中较为多见,应加强对此类人群的行为干预,WB带型分析中全条带所占比例较高,说明本市大多数感染者在病毒活跃期能被及时发现.

Analysis on western blot patterns for HIV-1 antibody positive cases in Beijing

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and western blot (WB) patterns of HIV-1 antibody positive cases in Beijing, so as to provide scientific evidences for prevention and control of AIDS. Methods The research subjects were HIV-1 antibody positive cases tested in the Beijing Central Laboratory of HIV Confirmatory Test from 2015 to 2017. Statistical analysis on the demographic characters of the subjects as well as analysis on the WB patterns of the samples were performed. Results Among the 3 196 HIV-1 antibody positive cases, male subjects accounted for 95.6%, and subjects aged 20-39 years old accounted for 74.9%;subjects with college education and above accounted for 57.0% and 69.1% of the subjects were unmarried;meanwhile, homosexual and heterosexual transmissions accounted for 80.3% and 17.8%, respectively. For the WB patterns of 3 196 HIV-1 positive samples, 2 653 samples showed all bands, accounting for 83.0%. According to the single band analysis, the top three bands were gp160 (99.9%), p66 (99.6%) and p24 (99.4%). The band p31 showed statistically significant differences among age groups (P<0.05). The difference of band p66 among groups of education was statistically significant (P<0.05). The difference of band p24 in transmission routes was statistically significant (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference of all bands among genders and marriage statuses was observed. Conclusions HIV-1 antibody positive cases in Beijing were mainly unmarried men aged 20-39 years old with college education or above. Behavior interventions should be enhanced to this group. Large proportion of patients with all bands in WB indicated that most patients in Beijing can be identified during active phase of the virus.