地震灾后早期伤员现场救治：5250例汶川地震伤员分析

汶川地震后，四川省医学科学院派出3支医疗队到北川灾区，诊治了5250名伤病员。震后1～2d伤员数最多，抢救无效死亡伤员以地震当日最多；3d后就诊伤员伤情多较轻，且能自行前往。前2位的损伤是浅表组织损伤和骨折。重症伤员中以地震当天收治最多，其中以颅脑外伤的重症者所占比例大，且死亡率较高。机械性外伤占早期地震伤的90．3％。一些伤病员出现埋压窒息伤、完全性饥饿、烧伤、精神障碍。

On-the-spot medical rescue of the wounded in earthquake: analysis of 5250 cases early after the Wenchuan Earthquake

After the Wenchuan Earthquake, the Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences ＆ Sichuan Provincial People＇s Hospital dispatched 3 medical rescue teams to the earthquake-stricken area in Beichuan County and treated 5,350 wounded and sick persons. The number of the wounded and sick persons was the highest in the first day after earthquake, and began to decrease greatly since the third day after the earthquake when the conditions of the patients were much milder and the patients went to the medical institutions mostly by themselves. The top 2 kinds of damage were superficial soft tissue injury and fracture. Most of the severely wounded persons were treated on the first day after earthquake, and most of them suffered from craniocerebral injury with a high mortality. Most of the death after ineffectual recue occurred in the first day. In general, mechanical trauma accounted for 90% of the traumas in early stage after earthquake. Some patients suffered from smothering caused by burying, starvation, and mental disorders.