伊马替尼耐药的K562细胞系的建立及其生物学特性研究

目的　体外建立一株对伊马替尼 (imatinib)耐药的白血病细胞并阐明其生物学特性。方法　以药物浓度递增的方法诱导人白血病细胞株K5 6 2对伊马替尼产生耐药性 ,以MTT法确定其耐药倍数及抗药谱。用RT PCR和Westernblot方法检测耐药细胞中bcr/abl及mdr1基因及其蛋白BCR/ABL和P gp的表达。用免疫共沉淀法检测耐药细胞中BCR/ABL的磷酸化活性。用双色荧光原位杂交法检测细胞中融合基因bcr/abl拷贝数。结果　建立了针对伊马替尼的人白血病耐药细胞系K5 6 2 /G0 1,耐药倍数为 (15 .2± 3.0 )倍 ,其对阿霉素、三尖杉酯碱和鬼臼乙叉甙具有不同程度的交叉耐药性。主要的耐药机制为上调bcr/abl融合基因及其融合蛋白BCR/ABL表达 ,增强BCR/ABL磷酸化活性。此外 ,多药耐药相关基因mdr1及其蛋白产物P gp高表达也参与了耐药性的形成。 结论　建立了我国第一株对伊马替尼耐药的人白血病细胞系K5 6 2 /G0 1,并阐明了部分耐药机制。

Establishment of an imatinib resistant cell line K562/G01 and its characterization

OBJECTIVE: To establish a BCR/ABL+ cell line with resistance to imatinib, and investigate the possible mechanisms of the acquired resistance. METHODS: K562 cells were cultured in gradually increased concentrations of imatinib over a period of several months to generate their resistance line. MTT assay, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and FISH were used to study the possible molecular mechanisms of the resistance. RESULTS: A resistant cell line, K562/G01, was established with 15.2 +/- 3.0-fold resistant to imatinib as compared with that of the parental sensitive cell line. The resistant cell line also had the cross-resistance to a broad spectrum of other anticancer agents excepting for DOX. There was no difference between the two cell lines in terms of the cell morphology, proliferation doubling time, and fraction distribution of cell cycle. K562/G01 cells showed increased levels of BCR/ABL, mdr1 mRNA and their coding proteins and the increased tyrosin kinase activity. No point mutation in the BCR/ABL ATP-binding site was detected while the copies of BCR/ABL fusion gene were increased in K562/G01 cells. CONCLUSION: An imatinib-resistant human leukemia cell line, K562/G01, was established. The mechanisms of resistance of K562/G01 cells to imatinib involved increased expression of BCR/ABL and mdr1/P-gp, amplification of BCR/ABL fusion gene, and increased activity of BCR/ABL.