某特种兵大队新兵下肢军事训练伤情况调查

[目的]了解某特种兵部队新兵在入伍基础军事训练中发生的各种下肢训练伤的特点,为部队制定相应的预防措施提供科学依据。[方法]调查了该部队2006年度281名新兵的入伍训练情况(1~3个月),设计训练伤调查表,通过问卷调查了解训练伤发病情况,并进行分类调查统计。[结果]该部队2006年度入伍新兵在基础军事训练中发生下肢损伤75人,发生率为26.69%,发生下肢伤75人中,以小腿部位损伤最多,共35例,占下肢损伤的46.67%。踝关节损伤17例,占22.67%。足部损伤11例,占14.67%。下肢伤中急性损伤为20例,占26.67%,过劳性损伤55例,占73.33%。下肢损伤中骨与关节损伤38例,占50.67%,软组织损伤37例,占49.33%。损伤的原因:场地等外部环境因素18人次,训练负荷过大61人次,损伤所发生的训练项目:大部分为3 km跑,达64人次。[结论]下肢运动损伤是军事训练的常见病和多发病,其发病特点和发生规律各不相同且相当复杂。在该调查中,训练负荷过大所导致的软组织过劳性损伤最为重要。因此,在平常的军事训练中,应该加强健康宣教工作,在新兵训练过程中要注意战士的身体承受情况,循序渐进,减少下肢训练伤的发生。

Investigation in lower extremiy injuries of new recruits in a Chinese special military force

[Objective] To study the features in lower extremiy injuries of new recruits in the Chinese special military force during Basic Training Program,and supply scientific precautionary measures to reduce the military training injury.[Method]A special military force group had been chosen and the circumstance of military injuries in lower extremiy had been observed from Jan.to March in 2006.The population selected for study included all 281 new recruits of the unit.A questionnaire was designed to document all of the correlated information,and all injuried soldiers were examined and inquired about the case history.All data had been classified for analysis.[Result]In all 281 samples,75 cases occurred lower extremiy injuries(up to 26.69%).In all lower extremiy injuries,35 cases were leg injuries(up to 46.67%),17 cases were ankle injuries(up to 22.67%),11 cases were foot injuries(up to 14.67%).In all injuries,20 cases were acute injuries(up to 26.67%),55 cases were excess fatigue injuries(up to 73.33 %).In all injuries,38 cases were bone and joint injuries(up to 50.67%),37 cases were soft tissue injuries(up to 49.33%).The reasons for injuries were training field(l 8 cases),exercise overload(61 cases).In all training programs,64 cases were occured in 3 kilo run.[Conclusion]Lower extremiy injuries are common and frequently occurring illness.The features and methods of injuries are different and complicated.In this study,excess fatigue injuries caused by exercise overload were the most important.After comprehened the occurring rule,it should be emphasized on health propaganda.During basic military training,we should pay attention to soldiers' health condition.Training should be carried out step by step,to reduce the occurrence lower extremiy training injuries.