矿区成年居民膳食铜、铁和锌的摄入量调查及测定方法比较

目的采用称重法和化学分析法对矿区成年居民膳食微量元素（铜、铁和锌）的每日摄入量进行调查和测算,并分析两者的相关性。方法在云南大红山铜矿区随机抽取180户家庭共569名成年居民作为研究对象,进行连续3d的膳食调查,称重法测算铜、铁和锌元素的每日摄入量;从中随机抽取60人进行平行双份研究,即同时采用化学分析法测算铜、铁和锌元素的每日摄入量。以《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量（DRI）》作为参考值。结果两种膳食调查的测算结果均显示女性铜、铁和锌元素的每日摄入量明显低于男性（P〈0.05）,但均未超过可耐受最高摄入量。平行双份研究结果显示,称重法测得铜、铁和锌元素的中位摄入量分别为1.53、21.76和11.54mg/d,显著高于化学分析法测得的1.27、16.29和7.56mg/d（P〈0.05）;两种方法的测算结果呈显著正相关（r=0.537、0.656、0.560,均P〈0.05）。结论大红山铜矿区成年居民铜、铁和锌元素每日摄入量均未超过可耐受最高摄入量;称重法测定结果高于化学分析法,两者呈显著正相关。

Investigations of dietary intakes of copper, iron and zinc in adult residents of mining area and comparison of determination methods

Objective To detect the daily dietary intakes of trace elements (copper, iron and zinc) in adult residents of mining area by duplicated diet and weighting dietary record, and explore the correlation between these two methods. Methods A total of 569 adult residents in 180 families were randomly selected from Dahongshan Copper Mine in Yunnan Province, and dietary investigations were conducted for three consecutive days. Daily dietary intakes of copper, iron and zinc were determined by weighting dietary record in all residents, and 60 residents randomly selected from these 569 residents were also investigated by duplicated diet. Data from “Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)” were served as controls. Results It was revealed by both methods that dietary copper, iron and zinc intakes in females were significantly lower than those in males （P<0.05）, while daily intakes in both males and females were lower than the tolerable upper intake levels. Among the residents investigated by both methods, the median intakes of copper, iron and zinc detected by weighting dietary record were 1.53 mg/d, 21.76 mg/d and 11.54 mg/d, respectively, and were significantly higher than those detected by duplicated diet (1.27, 16.29 and 7.56 mg/d, respectively)（P<0.05）. The data obtained by two methods were positively correlated (r=0.537, 0.656 and 0.560, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion Daily dietary intakes of copper, iron and zinc in adult residents of Dahongshan Copper Mine are lower than the tolerable upper intake levels. The data determined by weighting dietary record are higher than those by duplicated diet, and the findings obtained by these two methods are significantly correlated.