变应性鼻炎特异性免疫治疗患者的依从性及相关因素分析

目的研究变应性鼻炎特异性免疫治疗患者的依从性及其影响因素。方法对过去3年接受特异性免疫治疗的变应性鼻炎患者进行回顾性调查,对未完成基础疗程的患者采取电话方式了解其不依从的原因,率的比较采用χ^2检验进行分析。结果特异性免疫治疗患者的完全依从率为70．1％;儿童的完全依从率为84．6％,高于成人（64．16％,58．46％）,有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为8．712,6．441,P〈0．05）;不依从的原因调查表明,效果不明显或无效占29．49％,工作忙或学业紧张占20．86％,症状消失或好转占12．23％。结论变应性鼻炎特异性免疫治疗患者的依从性不甚理想,其中儿童的依从性高于成人。调查结果提示治疗中应有针对性地采取相应的干预措施,以提高患者免疫治疗的依从率,从而提高疗效。

The Dependence of Specific Desensitizing Therapy of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

Objective To survey the degree of compliance of patients with allergic rhinitis on their specific desensitizing therapy and evaluate the relating factors. Method A retrospective study was carried out among the cases of allergic rhinitis （AR） receiving specific desensitizing therapy in our hospital during the last three years. Phone survey was taken to investigate the related influencing factors with the degree of compliance for those cases having not completed their therapeutic course. Chi-Square test of SPSS 11.0 was used for data analysis. Result The overall rate of complete compliance was 70.1%, in which the rate of complete compliance of children patients was 84.6%, higher than that of adult （64.16%,58.46%）, with significant difference （χ^2 was 8.712,6.441 ,P〈0.05）. It was shown that there were various kinds of factors influencing the degree of compliance, cases due to ineffectiveness or no significant desensitizing response accounted for 29.49%, busy in work or study accounted for 20.86% and symptoms disappeared or lesion un-reoccurring accounted for 12.23%. Conclusion The degree of compliance of AR cases for specific desensitizing therapy is not very satisfactory,in which the rate of compliance of children patients was higher than that of adult,and the survey was shown it has to be improved to a much higher level of compliance in order to reach a effective treatment.