瑞舒伐他汀对大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察瑞舒伐他汀对大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后细胞凋亡的影响。方法36只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、损伤组和治疗组，每组12只。损伤组和治疗组分别建立大鼠左侧颈动脉球囊损伤模型，右侧颈动脉未予球囊损伤。治疗组于损伤前3d始连续每天给予瑞舒伐他汀5mg／（kg·d）灌胃，对照组和损伤组予9g／L氯化钠溶液灌胃。术后14d取左侧颈总动脉，进行HE染色和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的生物素-dUTP缺口标记技术（Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin—dUTP nick end labeling，TUNEL）的凋亡检测。结果共30只大鼠成功完成本次实验。①血管损伤14d，可见明显的新生内膜；损伤组和治疗组的内膜面积、内膜／中膜面积的比值较对照组增大（P〈0．05）；与损伤组比较，治疗组内膜／中膜面积的比值减少，管腔面积增加26％（P〈0．05）。②对照组血管偶可见单个散在的凋亡细胞；损伤组凋亡细胞阳性率为（12．3±1．8）％，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；治疗组凋亡细胞数目增多，凋亡细胞阳性率达（26．8±3．2）％，与损伤组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。凋亡细胞主要位于新生内膜。结论瑞舒伐他汀可抑制大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后的内膜增生，可促进大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后的细胞凋亡。瑞舒伐他汀促进细胞凋亡的作用可能与其抑制内膜增生有关。

Effects of Rosuvastatin on the Apoptosis of Cells in Rat Carotid Artery After Balloon Injury

Objective To investigate the effects of Rosuvastatin on the cell apoptosis in rat carotid artery after balloon injury. Method 36 male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups ：the control group, the injured group and the Rosuvastatin group. Both the injured group and Rosuvastatin group rats were subjected to balloon injury on the left common carotid arteries without balloon injury on the right ones. Rosuvastatin group rats were given Rosuvastatin （dissolved in Nacl, gavage） at the dosage of 5 mg/（kg·d） for 3 days before the injury, while the injured group and the control group rats were given vehicle instead. All rats were sacrificed on 14th day after balloon injury, and the left common carotid arteries were harvested for HE staining and apoptosis detection by TUNEL. Result 30 rats were included in the study. Neointimal hyperplasia could be observed on 14th day after balloon injury. Both the injured and Rosuvastatin group had larger intimal area and higher area ratio of intimal/media than the control （P〈0.05）. However, the ratio in Rosuvastatin group decreased, accompanied with lunmenal area increased by 26% （compared with the injured group,P〈0.05）. Single apoptotic cell could be seen in rat carotid artery in the control group. The rate of apoptotic cells in the injured group was （12.3±1.8）%, and was different from control group （P〈0.05）. However, apoptotic cells increased more significantly in Rosuvastatin group, accompanied with a higher rate of apoptotic cells, which was up to （26.8±3.2）% （compared with the injured group,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Rosuvastatin could inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in rats carotid arteries after balloon injury. Rosuvasatin could induce cell apoptosis in rats carotid arteries after balloon injury. Cell apoptosis induced by Rosuvastatin might be related to its inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia.