成人痉挛型构音障碍普通话元音声学分析

目的观察痉挛型构音障碍患者普通话持续稳态元音的声学参数特征，探讨适合痉挛型构音障碍患者进行言语声学检测的普通话持续稳态元音音样。方法使用MODEL 4500语音工作站多维语音分析系统(MDVP)及其配套录音设备分别对28例患者(病例组)和28例正常人(对照组)发自然舒适持续稳态汉语普通话元音［a］、［i］、［u］进行采样、声学参数分析。结果两组比较，在发不同元音(［a］、［i］、［u］)时基频均无显著性差异。病例组分别发3个不同元音时基频均无显著性差异。病例组发不同元音时的频率变化和振幅变化均与对照组有差异。病例组自身发不同元音时频率变化无差异，振幅变化有差异。病例组［a］音的谐噪比高于对照组，［i］音与［u］音的谐噪比与对照组相比无差异。病例组发不同元音时谐噪比有差异。结论痉挛型构音障碍患者发持续稳态元音时，频率变化、振幅变化高于正常人，噪音成分大于正常人。对我国痉挛型构音障碍患者进行声学检测，使用汉语普通话［a］音是较为合适的检测声样。

Acoustic Analysis on Vowels of Mandarin for Adults with Spastic Dysarthria

ObjectiveTo observe the characteristics of acoustic parameter of mandarin vowels in patients with spastic dysarthria and to explore the optimal mandarin vowel sample for the evaluation of acoustic characteristics of spastic dysarthria patients.MethodsTwenty-two male and six female patients with the age range from 19 to 62 years were recruited to patient group from the department of hearing and speech, China Rehabilitation Research Center. Another 28 normal subjects with comparable characteristics were recruited to control group. Computerized Speech Lab MODEL 4500 was employed to sample and to analyze the characteristics of the acoustic parameter. The data of the two groups were compared to detect the difference between groups.ResultsNo significances were found both between groups and within group in the fundamental frequency when pronouncing all the selected vowels. Significant difference was noticed between groups in the variation of both frequency and amplitude. Within the patient group significant difference was only found in the variation of amplitude when pronouncing all the selected vowels. Between groups, a significant difference was found in HNR (harmonic to noise ratio) when pronouncing vowel ［a］, whereas no significance was noticed in ［i］ and ［u］. Significances were noticed within the patient group among the vowels.ConclusionThe patient demonstrated greater variations in frequency, amplitude and noise component compared to control group. The vowel ［a］ is an appropriate examination variable for mandarin in China.