留守初中生亲子互动与心理健康的性别差异

  目的  分析父母外出类型对农村留守初中生心理健康影响的性别差异，结合亲子互动的调节作用分析差异产生的原因。  方法  基于中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)2014—2015学年的追访数据，对3 470名居住地为农村的八年级学生自我报告的亲子互动频率和心理健康数据进行分析。  结果  父母均外出的留守男生心理健康得分高于留守女生(68.90±22.45)(63.59±20.83)，t=3.02，P < 0.01]。两层混合效应线性回归模型显示，父母均外出对留守女生亲子互动频率和心理健康的负向预测作用大于留守男生(B值分别为-0.90，-4.02，P值均 < 0.05)；亲子互动频率对留守青少年心理健康影响的性别差异起调节作用，控制亲子互动频率后，留守青少年心理健康的性别差异减小(B=-3.65，P < 0.1)。  结论  父母均外出对留守女生心理健康的负面影响大于留守男生。需更多呵护青春期留守女生心理健康，促进外出父母与其进行更多沟通。

Gender difference in parent-child interaction and mental health of left-behind adolescents in junior high school

  Objective  To investigate the gender difference of left-behind adolescents' mental health in rural junior middle schools, and to explore possible moderating role of parent-child interaction.  Methods  Based on the data of China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) from 2014 to 2015, the self-reported parent-child interaction frequency and mental health of 3 470 eighth grade students lived in rural area were analyzed.  Results  Mental health scores were higher in left-behind boys (68.90±22.45) whose parents migration compared to left-behind girls (63.59±20.83)(t=3.02, P < 0.01). The two-level mixed effect linear regression model showed that the negative impact of parental migration on the parent-child interaction and mental health of left behind girls was greater than that of left behind boys (B=-0.90, -4.02, P < 0.05). The frequency of parent-child interaction moderated the gender difference of mental health of left behind adolescents (P < 0.01). The above-mentioned gender differences decreased after adding the frequency of parent-child interaction (B=-3.65, P < 0.1).  Conclusion  The negative impact of parental migration on mental health of left-behind girls in junior high school is stronger than boys. It is needed to take more care of the mental health and promote parent-child communication for left-behind girls.