颈部保健操对改善高中生肩颈症状效果评价

  目的  探讨颈部保健操对改善珠海市高中生肩颈症状的运用效果，为改善高中生的颈椎健康问题提供简易且可广泛推广的锻炼方式。  方法  采用随机整群抽样方法，选择珠海市10所中学20个班级的805名高中生为研究对象，以班级为单位进行随机分组，最终确定观察组学生405名，对照组学生400名。观察组采用以等长收缩锻炼为核心的颈部保健操进行为期12周干预，对照组采用常规干预，比较两组学生干预前后视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、颈椎功能障碍指数量表(NDI)及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数调查表(PSQI)变化情况；对符合颈椎病诊断标准的研究对象进行亚组分析。  结果  共计112名学生符合颈椎病的诊断标准，患病率为13.9%，其中对照组确诊58名，观察组确诊54名。干预后观察组学生的VAS疼痛等级低于对照组(Z=-3.37，P < 0.01)，NDI评分程度明显低于对照组(t=-20.05，P < 0.01)；干预后观察组学生的PSQI主观睡眠质量、睡眠时间、入睡时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍各维度评分及总分均低于对照组(t值分别为-10.36，-7.66，-12.39，-9.78，-9.06，-11.31，-16.56，P均 < 0.05)。  结论  珠海市高中生颈椎病发生率较高，开展以等长收缩锻炼为核心的颈部保健操能有效改善颈椎症状和睡眠质量。

Evaluation of the effect of neck exercises on senior high school students

  Objective  To explore the effect of neck exercises on improving the shoulder and neck symptoms of senior high school students in Zhuhai.  Methods  From February 2019 to July 2019, 805 senior high school students from 20 classes in 10 middle schools in Zhuhai were selected by multi-stage random sampling method, and randomly divided into two groups based on the class. The final observation group consisted of 405 cases and the control group consisted of 400 cases. The observation group was intervened by neck exercise based with isometric contraction exercise for 12 weeks, while the control group was intervened by routine intervention. The changes of VAS, NDI and PSQI were compared before and after the intervention between the two groups, and the subjects who met the diagnosis criteria of cervical spondylosis were analyzed in subgroups.  Results  A total of 112 students met the diagnostic criteria of cervical spondylosis, the prevalence rate was 13.9%. among them, 58 cases were diagnosed in the control group and 54 cases in the observation group. After the intervention, the VAS pain level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (Z=-3.37, P < 0.01), and the NDI score was significantly lower than that of the control group (t=-20.05, P < 0.01). After the intervention, the PSQI subjective sleep quality, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, daytime dysfunction dimension scores and total scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=-10.36, -7.66, -12.39, -9.78, -9.06, -11.31, -16.56, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The incidence of cervical spondylosis is high in senior high school students in Zhuhai. The neck exercise focusing on isometric strengthening can effectively improve the symptoms and sleep quality of cervical vertebrae.