甲醛和苯联合染毒对雄性小鼠睾丸的毒性作用

目的 研究甲醛和苯联合染毒对雄性小鼠睾丸组织的毒性作用,为综合评价甲醛和苯的安全性提供科学依据.方法 选用78只健康清洁级昆明种纯系雄性小鼠为研究对象,按染毒剂量分为低(0.2 mg/kg)、中(2 mg/kg)、高(20 mg/kg)剂量甲醛组,以生理盐水为阴性对照组;低(100.0mg/kg)、中(200.0mg/kg)、高(400.0mg/kg)剂量苯组,以花生油为阴性对照组;低(0.1 mg/kg甲醛 50.0 mg/kg苯)、中(1 mg/kg甲醛 100.0 mg/kg苯)、高(10 mg/kg甲醛 200.0 mg/kg苯)剂量联合染毒组,以生理盐水 花生油为阴性对照组;以环磷酰胺(40 mg/kg)为阳性对照组.采用腹腔注射染毒,注射容量为0.01 ml/g,每日1次,连续5 d.染毒结束次日,处死小鼠,测定睾丸组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛(MDA)、Cu、Zn含量.结果 甲醛、苯单独染毒组及联合染毒组的SOD活力、Cu、Zn含量均低于其阴性对照组,且随染毒剂量的升高而下降;MDA含量均高于其阴性对照组,且随染毒剂量的升高而上升.联合染毒组染毒剂量与SOD活力呈负相关(r=-0.967,P＜0.01),与MDA含量呈正相关(r=0.941,P＜0.01).与甲醛、苯单独染毒比较,联合染毒组SOD活力、Cu、Zn含量呈下降趋势,MDA含量呈升高趋势.结论 甲醛和苯联合染毒对小鼠睾丸组织的毒性作用大于甲醛、苯单独染毒时的作用;二者对小鼠睾丸组织的联合毒性作用可能具有协同作用.

Joint Toxic Effect of Formaldehyde and Benzene on Testicles of Mice

Objective To explore the joint toxic effect of formaldehyde and benzene on testicles of the mice. Methods 78 Kunming male mice were divided into groups, in the formaldehyde treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 0.2 mg/kg,2 mg/kg,20 mg/kg, in the benzene treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 100.0 mg/kg,200.0 mg/kg,400.0 mg/kg and the in formaldehyde and benzene combined treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 0.1 50.0 mg/kg,1 100.0 mg/kg,10 200.0 mg/kg respectively. The treatments were conducted by peritoneal injection for five consecutive days,once a day,then killed on 6th day. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),the contents of maleic dialdehyde(MDA),the contents of copper(Cu),zinc(Zn) in testicles of the mice were determined. Results Compared with those in the negative control groups,the activity of SOD and the contents of Cu, Zn in the testicles of the mice in each treatment group significantly decreased, while the contents of MDA significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The activity of SOD and the contents of Cu, Zn in the testicles of the mice in joint exposure groups were much lower than those in formaldehyde or benzene exposure groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01) and the contents of MDA were much higher (P<0.05 or P<0.01). At the joint exposure doses,the activity of SOD presented a decline tendency and the contents of MDA presented an ascend tendency with increasing of exposure dose,there was a dose-effect relationship was seen between the activities of SOD and the dose(r=-0.967,P<0.01) as well as between the contents of MDA and the dose(r=0.941,P<0.01). Conclusion The joint toxic effect of formaldehyde and benzene on the testicles of the mice is more serious compared with a single exposure. Maybe the joint toxic effect is synergistic.