2017年新疆疏附县户籍居民死亡情况及死因回顾调查分析

目的了解2017年新疆疏附县户籍居民死亡情况及死因分布特点，为当地制定防治对策提供参考依据。方法整理2017年1月1日至12月31日期间疏附县户籍居民死亡情况，计算死亡率及期望寿命。 抽样进行死因回顾调查，通过死因构成比、期望寿命、潜在寿命损失年（PYLL）等指标分析疏附县户籍居民死亡和减寿的主要原因。结果2017年疏附县共死亡1 623人，总死亡率为5.69‰，标化死亡率（SMR）为6.90‰；期望寿命71.40岁，男性69.36岁、女性74.03岁。 前6位死因依次为心脏病（20.09%）、脑血管病（14.20%）、传染病与寄生虫病（14.09%）、伤害（13.74%）、恶性肿瘤（11.66%）和呼吸系统疾病（7.62%），合计占总死因的81.41%。 伤害、恶性肿瘤、围生期疾病导致的PYLL居前3位，分别占全死因PYLL的40.00%、10.15%和9.10%。结论慢性病是威胁疏附县居民健康的主要危险因素，以结核病为代表的传染病在死因构成中仍占据重要地位，伤害是儿童青壮年过早死亡的主要原因。 应采取综合防治措施，提高全民健康水平，进一步提高期望寿命。

Deaths and death causes in residents of Shufu county of Xinjiang, 2017

ObjectiveTo understand the death pattern and causes in residents of Shufu county of Xinjiang, and provide scientific evidence for the development of comprehensive disease prevention measures.MethodsThe incidence data of deaths in local residents in Shufu in 2017 were collected to calculate the mortality rate and life expectancy, constituent ratio of death causes and potential years of life lost (PYLL). A sampling retrospective survey was conducted to understand the causes of deaths.ResultsA total of 1 623 death cases were reported in Shufu in 2017 and the mortality was 5.69 ‰, the standardized mortality rate was 6.90‰. The life expectancy was 71.40 years old (69.36 years old for males and 74.03 years old for females). The first 6 death causes were heart disease (20.09%), cerebrovascular disease (14.20%), communicable diseases/parasitosis (14.09%), injury (13.74%), cancer (11.66%) and respiratory diseases (7.62%), accounting for 81.41% of total death cases. Injury, cancer and perinatal diseases were the first 3 death causes with high PYLL, the rates of PYLL were 40.00%, 10.15%, 9.10%, respectively.ConclusionChronic and non-communicable diseases were the major causes of deaths in local residents in Shuhu, but communicable diseases, such as tuberculosis, also took a high proportion in constituent ratio of death causes. Injury was the main reason of early deaths in children and young adults. Comprehensive measures should be taken in disease prevention and control to improve people’s health and life expectancy.