2015年甘肃省兰州市居民死因及期望寿命分析

目的 调查兰州市2015年疾病监测点居民死因情况，为制定慢性疾病的综合防控策略及措施提供科学依据。方法 收集2015年兰州市居民死因监测资料，分析监测点居民主要死亡原因及期望寿命。结果 2015年兰州市居民期望寿命为79.43岁，男性77.68岁，女性81.36岁；报告粗死亡率为480.48/10万，标化死亡率为381.99/10万，男性死亡率高于女性；死因前5位疾病依次为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒及内分泌、营养和代谢疾病；循环系统疾病以心脏病和脑血管病为主，恶性肿瘤死因前3位依次为肺癌、胃癌和肝癌，呼吸系统疾病以慢性阻塞性肺病和慢性支气管炎为主；分别去除顺位前5类疾病死因后，不同人群期望寿命增加0.43～7.01岁，循环系统疾病对期望寿命影响最大。结论 目前，危害兰州市居民健康的主要死因是慢性非传染病，应对其加强开展常见慢性病的健康教育，防治结合，提高居民的整体健康水平。

Death causes and life expectancy of residents in Lanzhou,Gansu,2015

Objective To understand the main indicators of deaths statistics of residents in Lanzhou,Gansu province,and provide scientific basis for the development of comprehensive prevention and control strategies and measures for chronic diseases. Methods The data of death causes of Lanzhou in 2015 were collected,and the main causes of death and the expected life expectancy were analyzed. Results The life expectancy of residents in Lanzhou was 79.43 years old(77.68 years old in males and 81.36 years old in females). The crude mortality rate was 480.48/100 000,the standardized mortality rate was 381.99/100 000, the mortality rate in males was higher than that in females;the first five leading causes of death were circulatory system diseases, tumors,respiratory diseases,injury/poisoning/endocrine disease and nutritional/metabolic diseases. The main circulatory system disease deaths were heart disease and cerebrovascular disease,the first three causes of malignant tumor death were lung cancer, gastric cancer and liver cancer. Respiratory disease deaths were mainly caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis. After removing the first 5 death causes,respectively,the expected life expectancy of different populations increased by 0.43-7.01 years,circulatory disease had the greatest impact on the life expectancy. Conclusion The main cause of death of residents in Lanzhou was chronic non-communicable disease. It is necessary to strengthen the health education, prevention and treatment of common chronic disease and improve the overall health level of residents.