铜绿假单胞菌医院感染的临床分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)的临床分布及其耐药性.方法 2009年1月—2010年12月从各类临床标本中分离的不重复铜绿假单胞菌888株,统计不同病区和标本的检出情况;用K-B法检测12种常用抗菌药物的体外试验.结果 有15个病区分离到铜绿假单胞菌,分离数较多的是重症监护病房、呼吸内科、烧伤科、肾内科和中医科,分别占31.0％、12.1％、11.4％、8.3％、6.0％；分离菌株最多的标本是痰和创面,分别占79.9％、9.3％；耐药率最高的抗菌药物是磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶和哌拉西林,分别为82.5％、77.8％,耐药宰较低的药物有阿米卡星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和环丙沙星,分别为9.2％、12.0％、13.0％,对其他抗菌药物均有不同程度的耐药率.结论 铜绿假单胞菌感染率高,且对常用抗菌药物普遍耐药,应加强监测,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据.

Clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing nosocomial infections

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing nosocomial infections.METHODS A total of 888 strains of nonrepeating P.aeruginosa were isolated from various clinical samples from Jan 2009 to Dec 2010;statistical analysis of the various wards and the detection of specimens were performed;in vitro experiments for 12 kinds of antibacterials were carried out with K-B method.RESULTS PAE isolates were obtained from totally 15 wards;the isolates were predominantly from ICU,department of respiratory medicine,department of burn,department of nephrology,and department of traditional Chinese medicine,accounting for 31.0%,12.1%,11.4%,8.3%,and 6.0% respectively;most of the isolated strains were from sputum and wounds,accounting for 79.9% and 9.3% respectively;the drug resistance rates to trimethoprim/sulfamethylisoxazole and piperacillin were 82.5% and 77.8% respectively,and the lower resistance rates to amikacin,cefoperazone/sulbactam and ciprofloxacin were 9.2%,12.0%,and 13.0%,respectively,suggesting varied degrees of drug resistance to other antibiotics.CONCLUSION The rate of P.aeruginosa infection is high,the drug resistance is prevalent to commonly used antibiotics;it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring so as to provide scientific bases for rational use of antibiotics.