深静脉置管术后感染的相关危险因素

目的探讨深静脉置管术后感染的相关危险因素,为临床预防深静脉置管术后感染提供参考。方法方法对医院2009年1月-2010年12月收治的247例危重症深静脉置管患者的诊治资料进行分析,将深静脉置管术后患者分为感染组与未感染组,比较两组患者的一般资料及医疗差异,分析深静脉置管术后感染的相关危险因素。结果感染组与未感染组患者的年龄(63.5±11.7)、(53.2±18.3)岁,股静脉置管19、25例,颈内静脉置管11、28例,外周静脉置管7、157例,置管次数(2.2±1.2)、(1.3±1.0)次,置管留置时间(33.4±2.7)、(21.4±3.1)d,人均激素使用(4.5±2.6)、(2.3±1.7)例次,单间病房使用4、49例,责任护士年资>5年7、82例,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高龄、采用股静脉置管、置管留置时间长、置管次数多、激素频繁使用、病房环境差、护理人员经验不足是深静脉置管术后发生感染的相关危险因素;临床在对深静脉置管患者护理时,应根据患者情况采取针对性的护理措施,做好医院感染控制的规范管理,降低深静脉置管术术后感染发生率。

Related risk factors for postoperative infections after deep venous catheterization

OBJECTIVE To investigate the related risk factors for postoperative infections after deep venous catheterization so as to provide bases for clinical prevention of postoperative infections after deep venous catheterization.METHODS The clinical data of 247 cases of critically ill patients with deep venous catheter who enrolled in hospital from Jan 2009 to Dec 2010 were analyzed.The patients were divided into the infection group and non-infection group,the general information and medical differences of the two groups of patients were compared,and the related factors for postoperative infections after deep venous catheterization were analyzed.RESULTS The age of the patients in the infection group and non-infection group was(63.5±11.7) years and(53.2±18.3)years,the catheterization methods(femoral vein catheterization) were 19 and 25 cases,internal jugular vein catheterization were 11 and 28 cases,peripheral venous catheterization were 7 and 157 cases),the frequency of catheterization were(2.2±1.2) times and(1.3±1.0) times,duration of indwelling catheter were(33.4±2.7) d and(21.4±3.1)d,the use of hormone per capita were(4.5±2.6) times and(2.3±1.7) times,the share of single ward were 4 cases and 49 cases,the service life of the nurses with more than 5 years were 7 cases and 82 cases.All these factors showed statistical significance(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The elderly,the use of femoral vein catheter,long indwelling catheterization,frequent catheterization,the frequent use of hormones,poor ward environment,and lack of nursing experience are the related risk factors for infections after deep venous catheterization.The hospital should take appropriate measures based on the situation of the patients and make standard management of nosocomial infections so as to reduce the incidence rate of postoperative infections due to deep venous catheterization.