肿瘤患者医院感染的病原菌分布及危险因素分析

目的 分析肿瘤患者医院感染的病原菌分布及临床危险因素,为有效预防控制医院感染制定干预措施.方法 回顾性调查分析肿瘤合并医院感染患者的病历资料,危险因素的分析采用多因素logistic回归分析法.结果 肿瘤合并医院感染患者标本中分离出134株病原菌,主要为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占29.9％、19.4％、17.2％、16.4％;多因素logistic回归分析医院感染危险因素为:高龄、罹患慢性疾病、住院时间长、留置导管、大量使用抗菌药物、放疗、化疗.结论 肿瘤患者医院感染的病原菌均为多药耐药菌,而高龄、罹患慢性疾病、住院时间长、留置导管、大量使用抗菌药物、放疗化疗是肿瘤患者医院感染的独立危险因素.

Distribution of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in cancer patients and analysis of risk factors

OBJECTIVE To analyze the pathogenic bacteria and clinical risk factors for nosocomial infections in cancer patients,so as to develop intervention strategies for effective prevention and control of nosocomial infections.METHODS The clinical data of the cancer patients with nosocomial infections were retrospectively analyzed,multivariate logistic regression analysis of the risk factors was performed.RESULTS A total of 134 strains of pathogens were isolated from the specimens obtained from cancer patients with nosocomial infections,the isolated pathogens mainly included Klebsiella pneumoniae(29.9%),Escherichia coli(19.4%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(17.2%),and Staphylococcus aureus(16.4%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the old age,chronic diseases,long hospitalization time,indwelling catheterization,abuse of antimicrobial agents,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy were the risk factors for nosocomial infections.CONCLUSION The pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections in cancer patients are all multidrug-resistant strains,the old age,chronic diseases,long hospitalization time,indwelling catheterization,abuse of antimicrobial agents,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy are independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in cancer patients.