2009-2010年肿瘤专科医院医院感染现患率调查分析

目的 了解肿瘤专科医院医院感染的特点及影响因素,为制定科学的医院感染监控措施、提高医院感染管理水平提供依据.方法 采用横断面调查,床旁调查和查阅住院病历相结合的方法,对住院患者的病历资料进行调查.结果 2009年调查1680例患者,其中90例发生医院感染,感染率5.36％,2010年调查2144例患者,140发生感染,感染率为6.53％,感染率最高的科室是重症监护病房,医院感染高发部位以下呼吸道居首位,病原菌均以克雷伯菌属为第一；抗菌药物使用率分别为25.83％,15.62％；抗菌药物以一联用药为主,分别占28.11％、55.82％；标本送检率分别为55.56％、56.43％；医院感染危险因素调查显示,年龄、放化疗、侵入性操作,抗菌药物的使用等均差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 通过对肿瘤专科医院医院现患率的调查,有针对性地对重点科室、重点环节、高危人群加强目标监测和采取防控措施,可有效地控制医院感染的发生.

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in tomour hospital from 2009 to 2010

OBJECTIVE To understand nosocomial infection characteristics of tumor and influencing factors to provide the basis for the development of scientific control measures on nosocomial infection and the improvement of management. METHODS A combination of cross-sectional surveys,bedside assessment and medical records were adopted. RESULTS Among the total of 1680 hospitalized patients in 2009 and 2144 cases in 2010,90 and 140 cases had infection,with the prevalence rates of 5.36% and 6.53%,respectively.The highest prevalence rate of infection was in Intensive Care Unit,and the highest nosocomial infection site was lower respiratory tract,with Klebsiella spp as the first pathogen.In 2009 and 2010,the usage rates of antimicrobial drugs were 25.83% and 15.62%;the single antimicrobial drug application mainly consisted of 28.11% and 55.82%;and the examination rates of specimens were 55.56% and 56.43%,respectively.The survey on the risk factors or nosocomial infection showed that the differences in age,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,invasive procedures and use of antimicrobial drug have statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Through the survey on prevalence rate of tumor hospital,the monitoring and control measures could be strengthened for key sections,key links and high-risk population,which can effectively control the occurrence of nosocomial infection.