Pathology and immunology of Clonorchis sinensis infection of the liver

The existence of clonorchiasis cases among the Asian immigrants and the major clinical and pathologic features encountered in those patients is emphasized. Owing to the longevity of the parasite, clinical symptoms may occur long after endemic exposure. The common manifestations among the immigrants are recurrent pyogenic cholangitis and pancreatitis. The relationship between clonorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma and the possible pathogenesis of this tumor are discussed. The specific immunologic phenomenon in clonorchiasis is described.