南阳地区回族青少年Heath-Carter体型特征

目的 探讨南阳地区回族青少年体型发育特征及其规律。 方法 应用Heath-Carter体型法对1357名南阳地区回族学生体型进行评价。 结果 7～18岁青少年身高、体质量随年龄的增加而增长；体脂肪率除8岁组外，其他各年龄组女生>男生。南阳地区回族男生的平均体型为偏中胚层的内胚层型（5.3~4.0~3.4），女生为偏外胚层的内胚层型（5.0~2.5~3.3）；男生和女生的体型均以内胚层系体型为主（男40.0%、女29.0%）；内因子值除17岁组外，其他各年龄组男生>女生；中因子值各年龄组男生>女生；外因子值7～13岁各组女生>男生，14～18岁各组男生>女生。 结论 南阳地区回族女生较男生瘦削，皮下脂肪量较少。回族男生较女生身体的线形程度高，充实度增加。南阳地区回族青少年体脂较多，可能与其不合理饮食和生活习惯有关。

Heath-Carter anthropometry on the somatotypes of Hui adolescents in Nanyang area

Objective To explore the characteristics and regularity of somatotype development of Hui adolescents in Nanyang area. Methods The Heath-Carter body type method was used to evaluate the body type of 1357 Hui adolescents in Nanyang area. Results The height and weight of adolescents aged 7-18 increased with age. Except for the 8-year-old group, the body fat rate of girls in other age groups was greater than that of boys. The average somatotype of Hui boys in Nanyang area was mesomorphic endomorph (5.3-4. 0-3.4), while the average somatotype of Hui girls was ectomorphic endomorph (5.0-2.5-3.3). Both boys and girls were endomorph mainly (boys 40.0%, girls 29.0%). Except for the 17-year-old group, in terms of endomorphy, boys was greater than that of girls in other age groups; as for mesomorphy, boys was greater than that of girls in all age groups; as far as ectomorphy was concerned, girls was greater than boys in the 7-13 years old groups, and in the14-18 years old groups boys was greater than girls. Conclusion The Hui girls in Nanyang area are thinner and less subcutaneous fat than the boys. Compared with the girls, the Hui boys’ bodies have higher linear shape and more fullness. The Hui adolescents in Nanyang area have more body fat, which may be related to their unreasonable diet and living habits.