Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte phenotypes in AIDS using monoclonal antibodies and simultaneous dual immunofluorescence |
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| Authors: | D P Stites C H Casavant T M McHugh A R Moss S L Beal J L Ziegler A M Saunders N L Warner |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;2. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;4. Department of International Health, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 USA;5. Becton-Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, Mountain View, California 94043 USA;1. Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA;2. Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;3. Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;4. Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;4. Tufts Clinical Evidence Synthesis Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA;5. Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition, Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA;1. Hellenic Diabetes Association, Athens, Greece;2. First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece;3. Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece;4. First Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, Konstantopoulio Hospital, Nea Ionia, Greece;5. Third Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Tzaneio, Piraeus, Greece;6. Second Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece;7. 3rd Internal Medicine Department & Diabetes Center, General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus, Greece;8. Dept of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, Medical School of Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece;9. Public Health, Medical School, University of Patras, Patra, Greece;10. Dept of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece;11. Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece;12. Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece;13. Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece;14. Institute of Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Corfu, Greece |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Simultaneous dual immunofluorescence and flow cytometry was used to study sixteen lymphocyte phenotypes in 209 men including: healthy homosexuals, lymphadenopathy patients (LAN), and AIDS patients. Significant differences between the distribution of lymphocytes in healthy homosexuals and healthy heterosexuals were decreased percentages of helper/inducer T cells (Leu 3), increased cytotoxic/suppressor T cells (Leu 2), and consequently a decreased Leu 3/Leu 2 ratio. The increased Leu 2 cells were identified as functionally cytotoxic subset Leu 2+ 15- phenotype rather than suppressor cells which are Leu 15+. Leu 2 and Leu 3 bearing cells exhibited an excess of membrane-bound immunoglobulins which were easily elutable at 37 degrees C. An increased percentage of an HLA-DR framework determinant bearing T cells were also detected. Within the NK cell family, Leu 7 cells were moderately increased and the functionally unidentified Leu 2+ 7+ population was strikingly elevated. LAN or AIDS patients were compared to healthy homosexual controls. Lower percentages of Leu 3 cells and higher percentages of Leu 2 cells were evident in LAN patients. These subsets were similar in LAN and AIDS patients. The increase in Leu 2+ cells was due to the Leu 2+ 15- cytotoxic subset. Fewer T cells had immunoglobulin in LAN and AIDS. A definite increase in Leu 2+ DR+ cells but not Leu 3+ DR+ cells occurred in AIDS compared to LAN or healthy controls. NK cell changes already present in healthy homosexuals persisted in LAN and AIDS patients. No differences in the distribution of B cells was detected in any intergroup comparisons. Changes in monocytes or pan-T cells were relatively insensitive measures of immunologic alterations among any of the groups. These results indicate many of the changes in lymphocyte subsets seen in AIDS and LAN subjects are already present in a carefully screened population of healthy homosexuals in San Francisco. Many of the changes in Leu 2 and NK family of cells suggest a possible adaptive response to viral or neoplastic challenge. Whether these interesting phenotypic alterations relate to functional changes in response to such challenge of the identified subsets waits further investigation. |
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