药源性剥脱性皮炎208例文献回顾性分析

目的：通过对药物致剥脱性皮炎不良反应的文献分析，为临床安全用药提供依据。方法：检索1994～2004年有关药物致剥脱性皮炎的不良反应文献并结合手工查阅208例（197篇）病例，按照相关项目录入SPSS10．0软件对性别、年龄等人口学资料以及药物品种、类别、给药途径等用药情况的频数进行统计分析。结果：208例病例报道中男性133例（63．9％）；平均年龄41．1岁，由西药引发的190例（91．3％），中药（含制剂及饮片）引发的18例（8．7％）；共涉及9大类药物90个品种，其中卡马西平最多18例；口服给药途径最多有149例（71．6％），其次是静脉40例（19．2％），肌注、皮下注射和外用分别为14例（6．7％）、1例（0．5％）和4例（1.9％）。结论：临床应加强对重点药物的监测，避免和减少药物致剥脱性皮炎的发生。

Retrospective analysis of 208 cases on drug induced exfoliative dermatitis

Object: To provide guidance for safe clinical use of medicines by evaluation of the literatures on drug induced exfoliative dermatitis. Methods: 197 papers, involving 208 cases of drug induced exfoliative dermatitis from 1994 to 2004, were retrieved by both computer and manual retrievals. Related data, such as the frequency of sex, age, the kinds and categories of drugs, routes of administration, were compared statistically by a soft ware( SPSS10.0 ). Results: Of 208 cases, 133 cases were male, with an average age of 41.1(accounting for 63.9%). 190 cases were induced by chemical medicines (accounting for 91.3%), while 18 cases were caused by Chinese traditional medicines (accounting for 8.7%). Medicines causing exfoliative dermatitis could be put under nine categories, involving 90 kinds. 18 cases of exfoliative dermatitis were related to Carbamazepine, which caused the most cases of exfoliative dermatitis among the drugs investigated. Oral administration, causing 149 cases (71.6%), was more liable to induce exfoliative dermatitis than any other routes. Iv administration was the next, which caused 40 cases. Im administration and external use of medicines induced 14 and 1 cases respectively. Conclusion: Related drugs should be monitored in clinical practice to avoid or decrease drug induced exfoliative dermatitis.