梅州市2009-2012年手足口病流行特征分析

目的了解梅州市手足口病流行特征。方法对2009-2012年《国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告的梅州市手足口病个案和2010-2012年手足口病哨点监测病原学资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2009-2012年梅州市共报告手足口病38 257例,发病率为225.45/10万;各年发病率分别为103.15/10万、238.85/10万、269.97/10万和288.44/10万,不同年份间发病率差异有统计学意义(P0.01);梅州市8县(市、区)各镇(办事处)均有病例报告,每年各县(市、区)发病率差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);病例集中在5-7月,占病例总数的48.79%;1~3岁年龄组发病最多,占报告病例的77.74%;职业以散居儿童为主,占报告病例总数的84.37%;病原学监测数据显示本市手足口病病原以EV71为主,占60.23%。结论梅州市手足口病发病率呈逐年上升趋势,当前手足口病严重危害梅州市小年龄组儿童身体健康,应加强重点地区疫情监测和分析,防止其暴发流行。

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristic of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Meizhou city, 2009-2012

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristic of hand-foot-and-mouth disease （HFMD）in Meizhou city. Method Epidemiological analysis were carried out on cases reported in National Diseases Reporting Information System during 2009-2012 and etiological surveillance data of HFMD during 2010-2012 in Meizhou. Results From 2009 to 2012,a total of 38 257 HFMD eases were reported in Meizhou,with an incidence of 225.45 per 100 000,and the incidents of each year from 2009 to 2012 were respectively 103.15 , 238.85 , 269.97 , and 288.44 per 100 000.The differences in the incidents among these years were statistically significant （P〈O.O1）.The annual average incidence of Meijiang district was the highest,which was 363.30 per 100 000, and there was statistically significant difference between the incidences of counties in Meizhou（P〈0.01 ）.48.79% of total cases were reported from May to July. In which, 77.74% were children from 1 to 3 years old,and 84.37% were scattered children. 60.23% （312/518） of specimens were positive in EV71 according to the results of sentinel surveillance. Conclusions It is showed that the HFMD incidence of Meizhou is increasing year by year.The health of younger children is seriously harmed by HFMD at present,thus the surveillance and analysis of HFMD in key areas should be strengthened to prevent outbreaks.