组织工程软骨移植物修复兔关节软骨缺损

目的　观察组织工程软骨移植物修复兔关节软骨缺损的效果。　方法　经软骨起源诱导后的兔骨髓间质干细胞(mesenchymalstemcells,MSCs)，与牛Ⅰ型胶原及人纤维蛋白相混合制成组织工程软骨移植物。60只5个月龄的日本大耳白兔均分为软骨移植物组、单纯载体对照组和空白对照组，观察各组修复兔股骨髁关节软骨全层缺损的效果。　结果　软骨移植物组12周时已形成正常厚度的软骨层及完整的软骨下骨板，O'drilscoll组织学评分18.22±2.45,Ⅱ型胶原含量97.9%，甲苯胺蓝变色反应表明其与周围正常软骨无明显区别，为透明软骨组织修复。而对照组12周时为纤维软骨修复，后期为纤维组织和板层骨修复。　结论　该组织工程软骨移植物作为软骨移植的替代物是可行的。

Repair of articular cartilage defects with tissue-engineered cartilaginous grafts in rabbits

Objective　To observe the effect of repairing the articular cartilage defects with tissue-engineered cartilaginous grafts in rabbits. 　Methods　 A total of 60 rabbits were divided into the cartilage graft group, the pure carrier control group and the blank control group. In the cartilage graft group, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the rabbits were obtained by isolating and culturing the bone marrow aspirates in vitro. The culture system that facilitates the chondrogenous differentiation of MSCs in rabbits was established. The tissue engineering cartilaginous graft was composed of chondrogenetic MSCs, bovine type Ⅰ collagen and human fibrin. Then transplantations of the cartilaginous grafts were performed to repair articular cartilage defects in rabbits. 　Results　Hyaloid cartilage was formed within the defects repaired with the grafts at 12 weeks after transplantation by analyzing the content of type Ⅱ collagen and metachromatism. In the control groups, the fibrous cartilage repair was observed first, then the fibrous tissues and bone repairs were found. 　Conclusions　 The cartilaginous graft through tissue engineering is a promising graft for repairing articular cartilage defects.