长期住院精神分裂症患者体重超重相关因素分析

目的调查长期住院精神分裂患者出现体重指数超重的相关影响因素,为长期住院精神分裂症患者的体重管理提供指导参考。方法于2017年8月1~5日期间选取服用抗精神病药物≥1年的符合ICD-10诊断标准的住院精神分裂症患者为研究对象,符合条件共238例,调查年龄、受教育程度、总病程、服用的抗精神病药物、总服药年限、肥胖家族史、伴发的躯体疾病、饮食结构、平均每天睡眠时间,测量身高、体重,计算体重指数。入组的患者按BMI分类,合并分组为两组:体重过低或正常为一组(n=118),体重超重或肥胖为一组(n=120)。结果两组患者在受教育程度、总服药年限、抗精神病药、合并苯海索、合并苯二氮卓类、合并抗焦虑抑郁药、合并心境稳定剂、合并糖尿病、饮食结构、每天睡眠时间等比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者在性别、年龄、总病程、肥胖家族史、合并高血压差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。二项分类Logistic回归结果表明,性别(OR=6.233,95%CI:2.778~13.987)、合并使用抗焦虑抑郁药物(OR=0.086,95%CI:0.013~0.570)、肥胖家族史(OR=4.175,95%CI:1.159~15.047)、每天睡眠时间(OR=1.249,95%CI:1.049~1.488)是长期住院精神分裂症患者体重指数超重或肥胖的危险因素。结论合并使用抗焦虑抑郁药物、有肥胖家族史、每天睡眠时间长等可能是长期住院精神分裂症患者体重指数增加的危险因素。

Analysis on the related factors of overweight in long-term inpatients with schizophrenia

Objective To investigate the relevant influencing factors of overweighted body mass index in long-term inpatients with schizophrenia, and to provide reference of guidance for the weight management of long-term inpatients with schizophrenia. Methods Inpatients with schizophrenia who met the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for antipsychotic drugs for a period of 1 year or longer from August 1 to August 5, 2017 were selected as the study subjects. There were 238 cases that met the requirements. The age, education level,total disease duration, antipsychotic medications taken,total medication years, family history of obesity, accompanying physical diseases, diet structure, average daily sleep time, measured height, weight, and body mass index were investigated and calculated. The subjects enrolled in the group were classified according to BMI and grouped into two groups: those with too low or normal weight(n=118) were assigned to one group, and those with overweight or obesity(n=120) were assigned to another group. Results The subjects in the two groups were not statistically significantly different in education level, total medication years,antipsychotics,combined benzodiazepine,combined benzodiazepines, combined anti-anxiety and depression drugs, combined mood stabilizers, complicated diabetes, dietary structure, daily sleep time(P>0.05). The differences in gender, age, total disease course, family history of obesity, and combined hypertension were statistically significant between the two groups (P<0.05). The binomial logistic regression results showed that gender (OR=6.233,95% CI:2.778-13.987), antianxiety and depression drugs (OR=0.086, 95% CI:0.013-0.570), family history of obesity (OR=4.175, 95% CI: 1.159-15.047), and daily sleep time(OR=1.249,95% CI: 1.049 -1.488) were risk factors for body mass index with overweight or obesity in the long-term inpatients with schizophrenia. Conclusion The combination of anti-anxiety and depression drugs, family history of obesity, and long daily sleep time may be risk factors for the increase of body mass index in long-term inpatients with schizophrenia.