浙江省蚊虫及蚊媒传染病综合监测研究

目的通过整合蚊虫及蚊媒传染病监测方案及实施,分析综合监测的可行性,探索病媒生物及相关疾病综合监测模式。方法选择2个病媒生物监测点进行调查研究,整合蚊虫及蚊媒传染病监测方案,协调机构和人员在市及县两个层面上开展综合监测,成蚊综合监测采用诱蚊灯法,监测时间为6-10月。结果在浙江省疾病预防控制中心（CDC）成立执行办公室,综合协调开展工作,宁波市单独完成蚊类密度、季节消长和蚊媒传染病综合监测,建德市完成蚊类密度、季节消长和蚊媒传染病综合监测的现场调查工作,实验室标本检测由浙江省CDC完成,对机构协调、人员数量要求较高。2009年宁波市报告疟疾48例,发病率为0.73/10万;登革热1例,发病率为0.02/10万;流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）18例,发病率为0.28/10万,死亡1例,病死率为5.56%。建德市无疟疾、登革热及乙脑病例报告。宁波市共捕获蚊类22108只,密度为9.60只/h;建德市共捕获蚊类945只,密度为4.92只/h。宁波市以三带喙库蚊为主,占90%以上,其次为淡色库蚊,白纹伊蚊仅占0.14%;建德市则以淡色库蚊为主,其次为中华按蚊,未捕到白纹伊蚊。宁波市检测三带喙库蚊1973只,乙脑病毒荧光PCR检测有2组阳性,最小阳性率为0.10%。检测建德市库蚊225只,采用巢式PCR检测黄病毒,结果均为阴性。结论蚊虫及蚊媒传染病综合监测是可行的。建议加强蚊虫及其传播疾病的综合监测、预警、控制对策和措施的研究工作。

Integrated monitoring of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases in Zhejiang province

Objective To analyze the feasibility of integrated monitoring of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases,providing an integrated monitoring mode of vectors and the related diseases.Methods The integrated monitoring procedures for mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases were tested in two vector monitoring sites.Integrated monitoring was conducted in cities and counties under the collaboration of relevant institutions and personnel.The lamp trap method was used for adult mosquito integrated monitoring from June to October in 2009.Results An executive office was set up under the Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC） to deal with the overall coordination.Ningbo CDC completed the integrated monitoring of mosquito density,seasonal fluctuation and mosquito-borne diseases without external aid.Jiande CDC finished the field investigation of the above monitoring,and the laboratory specimen test was performed by the Zhejiang CDC.These accomplishments required extraordinary institutional coordination and a large number of personnel.In 2009,Ningbo reported 48 cases of malaria with an incidence rate of 0.73/105;one case of dengue fever with an incidence rate of 0.02/105;18 cases of Japanese encephalitis（JE） with an incidence rate of 0.28/105;and 1 death with a mortality rate of 5.56%.Jiande reported no cases of malaria,dengue fever and JE.A total of 22 108 mosquitoes were captured in Ningbo,with a density of 9.60/h;and 945 were captured in Jiande,with a density of 4.92/h.Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the predominant species in Ningbo,accounting for more than 90%,followed by Cx.pipiens pallens,where as Aedes albopictus accounted for only 0.14%.In Jiande,Cx.pipiens pallens was predominant,followed by Anopheles sinensis;no Ae.albopictus was captured.Fluorescent PCR detection of 1973 Cx.tritaeniorhynchus in Ningbo showed two positive specimens for JE,with the minimum positive rate of 0.10%.Nested PCR detection of 225 Cx.pipiens pallens in Jiande resulted in negative for yellow virus.Conclusion The integrated monitoring of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases is feasible.It is suggested to strengthen the research with regard to the integrated monitoring,early warning,control strategies and measures of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases.