2009～2010年重庆市人群土源性线虫感染现状调查

目的了解重庆市人群土源性线虫感染现状。方法在重庆市38个区县,每个区县以县城为中心,在东、南、西、北方向随机抽取4个村为调查点,每个调查点调查不少于500人。采用统一问卷,调查人群的基本情况;采用改良加藤厚涂片法查肠道蠕虫虫卵,3～12周岁儿童采用透明胶纸肛拭法查蛲虫虫卵。结果调查77 891人,土源性线虫感染者11 263人,总感染率14.46%,与2001年的总感染率32.12%比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=2100.55,P<0.01)。其中蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫感染率分别为8.13%、6.10%和0.62%,儿童蛲虫感染率为3.56%(374/10516)。各区县感染率0.15%～75.01%,区县间感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=16114.40,P<0.01);主城区、渝西地区、渝东南地区、渝东北地区感染率分别为7.00%、13.52%、21.47%和16.63%。总感染率、钩虫感染率随年龄增加呈增高趋势;土家族、苗族感染率高于汉族;职业分布以农民、学生较高;文化程度分布以文盲组感染最高,文化程度越高感染率越低。结论重庆市土源性线虫感染率呈下降趋势,但地区差异较大,农民、老年人、低文化程度人群感染较重,是防治的重点。

Investigation of soil-borne nematode infection in the City of Chongqing,2009-2010

Objective To ascertain the status of infection with soil-borne nematodes in Chongqing.Methods Sites surveyed were 38 counties in the City of Chongqing.A standardized questionnaire was used to survey the local population in 4 villages in the 4 cardinal directions.Stool samples were collected from subjects and examined using the Kato-Katz technique.Enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected in infants 3-12 weeks of age using a cellophane tape anal swab.Results In total 77 981 people were surveyed.The general rate of infection with soil-borne nematodes was 14.46% and this rate was lower than that in 2001.The rate of infection with roundworms,hookworms,whipworms,and pinworms was 8.13%,6.10%,0.62%,and 3.56%,respectively.The rates in different county ranged from 0.15%-75.01%.The rate of infection differed significantly among counties(χ2=16114.40,P<0.01).The rate of infection in the city and western,southeast,and northeast parts of the City of Chongqing was 7.00%,13.52%,21.47%,and 16.63%,respectively.The rate of infection with soil-borne nematodes and hookworm increased with age.The general rate of infection in Tujia and Miao was higher than in the Han ethnic group.The rate of infection among farmers and students was higher than that in other groups.The infection rate was highest among illiterate individuals.The rate of infection decreased with the level of education.Conclusion The rate of infection with soil-borne nematodes has decreased in the City of Chongqing,but the rate differs widely among different counties.Farmers,the elderly,and individuals with little education had a higher rate of infection.