《国家基本药物目录》儿童用药分析及思考

目的分析《国家基本药物目录》中儿童用药的分布情况,为单独制定我国儿童基本药物目录提供建议。方法统计《国家基本药物目录》中口服化学药物涉及儿童用药的说明,查阅《中国药典临床用药须知》（2010版）单个药品说明书中与儿童用药有关的内容,列表分析;在国家食品药品监督管理总局CFDA网站数据查询窗口,以2012年版《国家基本药物目录》中纳入的儿童用药为检索词检索相关信息,对药品的剂型、规格、生产企业等信息列表统计。结果化学药物部分有288种口服药物,其中儿童专用药物1种,儿童可用药物207种（71.88%）,含新生儿用药说明药物19种（6.60%）。中成药部分9种儿童用药,剂型以颗粒剂为主,共20种规格,其中9种为独家品种。结论现版目录仍不能满足儿童用药需求,建议增加对儿童药物研发等环节的经济补偿;制定符合我国儿童疾病需求的儿童基本药物目录,完善儿童用药信息。

Analysis and Evaluation of Medicines for Children in National Essential Medicine List

Objective To analyze the medicines for children in the National Essential Medicine List, so as to provide reference for making the National Essential Medicine List for Children. Methods The children medication instructions of oral chemical medicines in the National Essential Medicine List （2012 edition） and the contents about children medication in drug instructions in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Clinical Guide （2010 edition） were listed and analyzed. Related information of medicines for children on the website of China Food and Drug Administration was searched using the pediatric medications in the National Essential Medicine List （2012 edition） as index words, and then the formulations, specifications, production enterprises of drugs were listed and analyzed. Results There are 288 kinds of oral drugs in chemical medicines including one kind of child- specific drugs, 207 kinds of children available drugs and 19 kinds of drugs contained neonatus medication instructions. There are 9 kinds of Chinese patent drugs for children, and granules are the main dosage form. There are a total of 20 kinds of specifications, nine of which are exclusive varieties. Conclusion Drugs in the current National Essential Medicine List cannot meet the demand of medication for children. We would increase economic subsidy for the development of medicines for children. The National Essential Medicine List for Children should be made to meet the demand of treating childhood diseases and perfect the information of medicines for children in our country.