2009-2018年内蒙古自治区饮茶型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析

目的:了解内蒙古自治区饮茶型地方性氟中毒（简称饮茶型氟中毒）病区人群病情变化趋势，为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法:2009-2018年，采用横断面调查法连续10年在内蒙古自治区饮茶型氟中毒流行的6个旗县的30个病区村，调查居民饮茶习惯，在每个监测村抽取10户家庭，采集其砖茶样本，检测砖茶氟含量，并进行健康风险评估；在...

Analysis of monitoring data on drinking tea type of endemic fluorosis from 2009 to 2018 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Objective To understand the change trend of people's condition in tea drinking endemic fluorosis area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods From 2009 to 2018,a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 30 villages of 6 banners(counties)of drinking tea type of endemic fluorosis of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The tea drinking habits of residents were investigated.Ten families were selected from each monitoring village to collect brick tea samples,and the fluorine content in brick tea was detected for health risk assessment.In each monitoring village,one water sample was collected from each drinking water source.Fluoride ion selective electrode method was used to detect fluorine in tea and water.The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years old was examined and the X-ray examination and analysis were carried out for all the permanent residents aged 36-45 years and living in the local area for more than 5 years.Results From 2009 to 2018,a total of 3000 brick tea samples were collected.The geometric mean value of tea fluorine was 522.01 mg/kg,and the annual per capita consumption of brick tea by permanent residents was 2.52 kg.The average daily intake of fluorine in brick tea was 4.11 mg.According to the standard of"Total Fluoride Intake of Population"(WS/T 87-2016),there were 6 years of risk quotient>1 in 10 years,while according to the World Health Organization(WHO)recommend standard,there were 5 years of risk quotient>1.From 2012 to 2018,210 water samples were detected,and the geometric mean value of fluorine in water was 0.90 mg/L,and the qualified rate was 84.76%(178/210).A total of 5384 children aged 8-12 years old were examined and 1562 dental fluorosis patients were detected.The total detection rate of dental fluorosis in children was 29.01%(1562/5384),and the dental fluorosis index was 0.62(very mild).A total of 1890 adults aged 36 to 45 years old were examined by X-ray.The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 18.10%(342/1890).There were 77 patients with moderate and severe skeletal fluorosis.Conclusions The brick tea fluorine content of residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is high,and there are health risks.The dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 years old is very mild,and there are still moderate and severe skeletal fluorosis patients in adults.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of brick tea market and strengthen health education for residents.