哌甲酯控释剂治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童父母压力的影响

目的:探讨哌甲酯控释剂(OROS-MPH)治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyper-activity disorder,ADHD)患者临床症状和父母压力的影响。方法:采用自身对照研究设计,对符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition,DSM-IV)诊断标准的73名ADHD患者(年龄6~15岁),使用哌甲酯控释剂(18~54mg/d)治疗8周。以父母填写的IOWA Conners量表及研究者填写的ADHD症状评定问卷评估患者的临床症状,并作为主要临床疗效评价指标,以父母填写的父母压力指数量表(Parenting Stress Index,PSI)来评估父母的压力,分别在基线、治疗4周末和8周末用以上问卷进行评估。结果:66名ADHD患儿完成了8周的治疗。经哌甲酯控释剂治疗后,ADHD患者IOWA Conners量表中的注意缺陷/多动因子分、对立/违抗因子分和总分随治疗时间下降(均P<0.001);ADHD症状评定问卷的注意缺陷因子分、多动冲动因子分和总分较服药前下降(均P<0.001);PSI量表的压力总分随时间明显下降(P<0.01),PSI量表中儿童方面分量表中,适应性、父母的接受度、要求、心境、注意不能/多动、父母的强制性6个因子得分均随着时间下降(均P<0.01);在父母方面分量表中,抑郁、角色的限制、配偶关系、孤独、健康状况5个因子得分均随着时间显著下降(均P<0.01)。基线时PSI总分与IOWA Conners量表总分、ADHD症状评定问卷总分呈正相关(r=0.346~0.902,均P<0.01)。结论:哌甲酯控释剂治疗能有效改善ADHD患者的临床症状和改善患者及其父母的压力,提高社会功能。

Effects of methylphenidate treatment on parenting stress in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Objectives:To assess the effectiveness of OROS methylphenidate on clinical improvements in children with ADHD and to examine the effect on parenting stress in ADHD.Methods:In this self-control study,73 children with ADHD ranged from 6~15 years were treated with OROS methylphenidate(18~54 mg/d)for 8 weeks.ADHD symptoms were assessed with the IOWA Conners questionnaire by parents,with ADHD-IV rating scale by researchers at baseline,the end of 4th week and the end of 8th week after treatment.All parents comple...