社区康复训练对251例不同类型精神障碍患者康复效果比较研究

目的：探讨社区康复训练方式对于不同类型精神障碍的应用效果。方法：根据自愿入组原则募集目前处于康复期的精神障碍患者251人入组接受社区康复训练，对照组96人，研究期间不接受康复训练。采用“自我接纳问卷（SAQ）”、“社会功能缺陷量表（SDSS）”、“情感量表”及“TDL生命质量量表”评估康复效果。结果：（1）在4组不同诊断间的结果比较中，除正性情感与情感平衡外，其他所有评价指标均有显著性差异。（2）精神分裂症在社会功能缺陷等多个比值中均低于其他类型的精神障碍者。（3）情感性精神病与神经症和心理应激障碍比较在社会功能缺陷及生命质量上差值有显著性差异。（4）神经症与心理应激障碍比较的显著性差异主要在正性接纳、自我接纳、生命质量几个方面。结论：患者自愿接受社区精神康复训练效果受病程、诊断等多因素影响；社区精神康复训练在不同的精神疾病中康复效果不同。精神分裂症的精神康复效果在多个指标中低于其他诊断。

A Compared Study about the Effects of Community Rehabilitation Training for the Treatment of Patients with 251 Differ-ent Categories Mental Disorders

Objective ：To evaluate the effects of the rehabilitation training for treatment of patients among different mental disorders in community .Methods ：Enrolled 251 patients in rehabilitation period with different mental disorders accepted rehabilitation training ,96 patients did not accept any rehabilitation training during the period of study as con-trol groups .Self Accept Questionnaire ,Social Disability Screening Scale ,Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale and TDL Life Quality Scale were used to evaluated the effect of rehabilitation training .Results：（1）Almost all evaluated in-dictors have significant difference among four different mental disorders excluded the positive and affective balance fac-tor .（2）The patient with schizophrenia scored lower in most factors of SDSS than other mental disorders .（3）Compared with neurosis disorder and stress related disorder ,mood disorder scored lower and had statistically significance .（4） Compared with stress related disorder ,neurosis disorder scored significantly higher in positive accept ,self accept ,and some factors of TDL-life quality .Conclusion：The effects of rehabilitation training are influenced by many factors ,such as the categories of the mental disorder ,the course of the disorder and other factors .The effects of community rehabili-tation training are differently among different categories of disorders .The effect of community rehabilitation training in patients with Schizophrenia had scored lower significantly than other mental disorders .