后路短节段结合骨折椎椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折

目的:探讨后路短节段结合骨折椎椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的可行性及临床疗效。方法:自2005年9月至2007年9月,行后路短节段结合骨折椎椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折82例,其中男50例,女32例;年龄18～63岁,平均36岁;病程2h～7d,平均2d。骨折根据AO分型:A1型25例,A2型48例,B2型9例。根据ASIA脊髓神经功能损伤分级:C级9例,D级17例,E级56例。术中将椎弓根螺钉置入骨折椎与相邻的上下椎体中,复位固定,后外侧植骨融合。结果:82例患者均获得随访,时间12～24个月,平均18.3个月,无一例内固定断裂或松动,全部获得骨性融合。术后骨折椎的椎体前缘压缩率及Cobb角均明显小于术前(P0.05),而术后随访骨折椎的椎体前缘压缩率及Cobb角与术后相比无明显变化(P0.05);术后骨折椎的尾侧椎间盘高度(h/H)与术前相比无明显变化(P0.05)。不完全性神经损伤术后脊髓神经功能有1～2级的恢复。结论:后路短节段结合骨折椎椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折是安全可靠的方法,在骨折椎前柱撑开的同时可有效控制正常椎间盘高度的撑开,并有利于矫正后凸畸形和维持矫正效果。

Treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures with posterior short segmental pedicle screw fixation and pedicle screw at the fracture level

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical effects of posterior short segmental pedicle screw fixation adding pedicle screw at the fracture level in treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures. Methods:From September 2005 to September 2007,82 patients (male 50 and female 32,the age from 18 to 63 years,at mean age of 36 years,the courses of disease from 2 hours to 7 days with an average of 2 days) with thoracolumbar fractures were treated with posterior short segmental pedicle screw fixation adding...