婴幼儿青霉素皮试结果判断的影响因素及对策

目的：探讨科学准确实施婴幼儿青霉素皮试的方法。方法：对256例接受青霉素皮试的婴幼儿中的56例可疑阳性进行对照试验，分析婴幼儿青霉素皮试判断结果的影响因素并提出对策。结果：影响婴幼儿青霉素皮试判断结果的因素依次为生理特点、皮肤消毒剂、操作因素等，通过采用规范婴幼儿青霉素皮试判断标准及操作方法、对照试验等方法，使婴幼儿青霉素皮试阳性率由文献报道的16．2％下降到5．4％。结论：通过护理干预，采用正确的皮试方法，可有效减少婴幼儿青霉素皮试假阳性的发生。

Influential factor and strategy for judgement of Penicillin Skin Test on baby

Objective: To approach the method of precise pe nicillin skin test on bady. Methods: Of 256 babies received peni cillin skin test, 56 false-positive babies were made as controlled test. Influe ntial factors for judging the consequence of penicillin skin test on bady were a nalyzed and strategies were proposed. Results: It is found that the influential factors for judging the consequence of penicillin skin test on b ady were physiological characteristics, skin antiseptis and operation procedures etc, in ordors. Judgement standard of bady's penicillin skin test, the method o f operation and controlled test were adopted so that the positive rate of penici llin skin test on bady was decreased from reported 16 2% to 5.4%. Concl usion: The results showed that the nursing intervention, the method of s kin test employed scientifically and accruately might decrease the false-positi ve rate of penicillin skin test on bady.