孕前体质指数、孕期增重与婴幼儿血红蛋白的关系

目的 探讨孕前体质指数（body mass index，BMI）、孕期增重与婴幼儿血红蛋白的关系。方法 选择按期体检与分娩的孕妇及婴儿作为研究对象，孕妇一般情况及分娩情况将由问卷调查的方式收集。并采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归模型进行数据分析。结果 受检对象共980例，按孕前BMI分组，孕前消瘦者占19.0%，孕前体重正常者占71.0%，孕前超重肥胖者占10.0%。孕期增重按美国国家科学院（institute of medicine，IOM）标准分组，孕期增重低于IOM推荐标准者占27.8%，符合IOM推荐标准者占31.4%，高于IOM推荐标准者占40.8%。贫血发生率为49.7%。单因素分析中孕前BMI、孕期增重对贫血均有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）。同时多因素分析显示，孕前消瘦者（OR=2.027，95%CI:1.433～2.867），孕期增重不足者（OR=2.499，95%CI:1.772～3.523）是婴幼儿贫血的危险因素。结论 孕前BMI、孕期增重情况可能是婴幼儿贫血的危险因素，控制孕前BMI、孕期增重情况可以有效降低贫血的发生风险。

The relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index,gestational weight gain and infants hemoglobin

Objective To explore the relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain and infants hemoglobin. Methods Mothers and infants who had regular physical examination were selected. General condition of mother and childbirth were collected by questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression model. Results Of all 980 subjects, 19.0% women were underweight, 71.0% with normal BMI, and 10.0% were classified as overweight or obesity according to their pre-pregnancy BMI. As the United States IOM standard, 27.8% women was less than the recommended value, while 31.4% were within it, but 40.8% exceeded institute of medicine (IOM) standard. The incidence of anemia was 49.7%. Univariate analysis showed that pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy were statistically significant for anemia (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that pre-pregnancy emaciation (OR=2.027, 95% CI:1.433-2.867), insufficient gestational weight gain (OR=2.499, 95% CI:1.772-3.523) were risk factors for anemia in infants. Conclusions The pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain may be risk factors for infant anemia. Therefore, control of pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy can effectively reduce risk of anemia.