预防医学专业新生对专业认知和满意状况的差异及交互影响

目的 JP2]了解湖南省某高校不同人口学资料的本科预防医学专业新生对所学专业的认知状况和满意程度差异;分析学生的基本情况对专业满意得分的综合影响;探讨增强专业认知对专业满意现状的提升作用。 方法 使用自制问卷《预防医学专业认知度与满意情况的调查》连续5年调查湖南省某高校2009~2013级预防医学专业新生,有效调查316名。调查内容主要包括基本资料、专业认知度、专业满意情况3个方面。采用F检验或t检验分析人口学资料单因素分别对专业认知和满意度的影响;采用拟合二分类Logistic回归方程的方法探讨影响专业是否满意(满意/不满意)的主要因素;专业认知和满意度的关系采用双变量的相关和回归分析。 结果 预防专业新生专业认知平均得分(60.78±13.02)分,专业满意(71.86±11.02)分;2009~2013各年级新生专业认知和专业满意得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),且专业满意总体随年份显著增加;城市户籍学生专业满意高于农村学生(P<0.05);多个人口学资料对专业是否满意的影响,所拟合的回归方程差异有统计学意义(χ2=42.45,P<0.01),尤其以年级(Exp=8.93)和户籍(Exp=7.52)因素影响明显;专业认知和满意程度密切相关(R=0.47,P<0.01)。 结论 该校预防医学专业新生对专业满意状况逐年趋好,但总体状况仍有待提高,尤其应注意农村、高年级、父母低学历、专业认知较差学生的满意状况。应采取多种方式加强认知教育,引导其树立正确的专业认知,提高专业满意度。 

Difference among firs-year preventive medicine students in awareness and satisfaction to their specialty and interactions

Objective To investigate the difference among the first-year preventive medicine preventive medicine undergraduate students with different demographic information in awareness and satisfaction to their specialty,analyze the influence of the basic situation of students on the specialty satisfaction score,and discuss the role of increasing the awareness of students to their specialty in improving the specialty satisfaction. Methods A survey on the basic information,awareness and satisfaction to specialty was performed with a self-made questionnaire"Rating Scale for Awareness and Satisfaction to Preventive Medicine Specialty"among the five consecutive years freshmen in our school between 2009 and 2013,and 316 completed questionnaires were returned.F test or t test was used to analyze the influence of single demographic factor on the awareness and satisfaction to their specialty;the fitted binary logistic regression equation was used to explore the major factors for specialty satisfaction;the bivariate correlation and regression analysis were used to investigate the relationship between awareness and satisfaction to specialty. Results The average score of the first-year preventive medicine students for the awareness and satisfaction to their specialty were 60.78±13.02 and 71.86±11.02,respectively,the difference in both awareness and satisfaction was statistically significant from 2009 to 2013(all P<0.01),and the satisfaction to specialty increased year by year.The urban students were with higher score when compared with the rural students (P<0.05);Lots of demographic information factors,especially grade (Exp=8.93) and domicile (Exp=7.52) factors had significantly influence on the specialty satisfaction,the fitted regression data have statistical significance (χ2=42.45,P<0.01).The awareness to their specialty was closely related to the satisfaction (R=0.47,P<0.01). Conclusion The satisfaction of the first-year preventive medicine students in this school had been improved obviously recent year,however,the general condition still to be increased,the attentions should be paid to the rural students,high grade students,and the students with a poor awareness to their specialty or their parents with low-education.The various measures should be taken to strengthen the awareness education,establish their correct awareness to specialty,and improve their satisfaction to specialty.