食管癌疫苗临床应用分析

  目的  对食管癌疫苗在临床应用效果进行分析，以期为临床应用提供参考。  方法  从食管癌术后肿瘤组织标本中提取其可溶性抗原成分和超抗原SEC构建成肿瘤疫苗，对食管癌术后328例患者进行临床应用(观察组)，并以常规治疗326例患者作为对照组，观察并分析临床应用效果和5年随访结果。  结果  观察组5年生存率为49.71%(173/328)，对照组5年生存率为20.55% (67/326)，经统计学处理有显著性差异(P < 0.05)；女性生存率为51.22% (84/164)，男性生存率为45.12% (74/164)，女性生存率显著高于男性(P < 0.05)。观察组中低分化患者的生存率(61.90%)显著高于高分化患者的生存率(41.61%)，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；而对照组低分化患者生存率(10.75%)显著低于高分化患者的生存率(31.34%)，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。  结论  该疫苗能有效防止食管癌术后患者的复发和肿瘤转移，提高生存率，特别是对女性患者和恶性程度高的患者效果更佳。 

Analysis of the effect of clinical application of vaccine for esophageal cancer

  Objective  To analyze the effects of the clinical applications of vaccine for esophageal cancer to provide treatment basis.  Methods  Tumor-soluble antigen was extracted from clinical samples of esophageal cancer tissue. Vaccine for esophageal cancer was prepared using antigen and superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC). One group of patients with esophageal cancer was treated with vaccine after surgery (treatment group). Another group of patients with esophageal cancer was treated using routine methods (control group). After five years, the patients were followed up to analyze survival.  Results  After five years of follow up, the survival rates of treatment and control groups were 173/328 (49.71%) and 67/326 (20.55%), respectively. Survival rates significantly differed between the two groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the survival rates of the female patients were higher than those of the male patients (P < 0.05). In the treatment group, the survival rates of patients with low-differentiation cancer were higher than those of patients with high-differentiation cancer (P < 0.05). In the control group, the survival rates of patients with low-differentiation cancer were lower than those of patients with high-differentiation cancer (P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Tumor vaccine prepared with esophageal cancer antigen and superantigen SEC could increase the survival rate of patients with esophageal cancer, particularly female patients and those with low-differentiation cancer.