深圳市学龄前儿童饮食行为对其营养状况的影响

【目的】 了解深圳市学龄前儿童饮食行为对儿童营养状况的影响。 【方法】 于2009年3-6月份采用分层整群抽样方法,自行设计调查问卷,统一标准,统一培训,以一人一表调查深圳市学龄前儿童10 138人,有效问卷8 920份。 【结果】 深圳市学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率为9.0%,体重低下发生率为0.6%,生长迟缓发生率为1.6%,消瘦发生率为0.9%,贫血发生率为2.53%。吃饭时看电视听音乐或玩玩具,吃饭时间越短,不愿咀嚼固体食物,饭前吃零食,外出就餐次数多,是儿童单纯性肥胖发生的危险因素。吃饭时间不固定、不愿咀嚼固体食物,含饭、拒食,外出就餐次数少,是儿童营养不良或贫血发生的危险因素。 【结论】 深圳市学龄前儿童的营养状况较好,其饮食行为对其营养状况影响明显:某些饮食行为分别是肥胖、体重低下、生长迟缓、消瘦和贫血发生的危险因素。

Study on the preschool children's nutritional status and their diet behaviour influence in Shenzhen

【Objective】 To investigate how the preschool children’s diet behaviour influence their nutritional status in Shenzhen.【Methods】 Stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select suitable objects during March to June,2009.Before investigating,the investigators were gathered and trained by unified standards.Every child was investigated by one self-made questionnaire.10 138 preschool children were investigated,and 8 920 questionnaires were effected.【Results】 The prevalence of simple obesity of preschool children in Shenzhen was 9.0%,the underweight was 0.6%,the stunting was 1.6%,the wasting was 0.9% and the anemia was 2.53%.There were risk factors of simple obesity such as listening to music,watching TV or playing while eating,short dinner time,disgusting chewing solid food and eating snacks before meal,liking to eat out et al.What’s more,these behaviors as unfixed dinner time,dislike to chew solid food,refusing eating,less to go out for dinner were the risk factors of malnutrition and anemia of preschool children.【Conclusions】 The study suggests that the preschool children’ nutritional status is fine in Shenzhen,and some diet behavior were risk factors of obesity,underweight,stunting,maransis and anemia separately.