正常与病态下嗓音的客观指标的评价

对158例正常人和136例各种喉疾病患者连续元音[i]发声时的平均气流率、声强、频率、频率微扰商和发声效率同步进行了测定.并对各测定指标间的相互关系进行了探讨.频率微扰商是表示连续元音发声时声带振动相邻周期间的微细变动量;发声效率反映平均气流率与声能的有效转换率.在低、中和高强度发声时.随发声强度的提高,平均气流率.频率和发声效率随之提高而频率微扰商则变小.中等声强发声时.平均气流率与声强,声强与频率均呈正相关;而平均气流率与发声效率.声强(男性)和频率(女性)与频率微扰商均呈负相关.多数喉疾病患者显示出较正常人高的平均气流率和频率微扰商,发声效率则降低.当声强和频率作为参考指标时,平均气流率,频率微扰商和发声效率可作为评价喉发声功能的客观、定量指标.

Objective Evaluation of Phonation in the Normal and Pathological States

Mean flow rate (MFR) ,vocal intensity (I) ,pitch frequency(P) ,pitch perturbation (PP) and vocal efficiency (I/F) were measured simutaneously during sustained phonation of the vowel [i] at wide range levels of intensities in 158 nor mal subjects and the same parameters were measured at moderate vocal intensity level in 136 patients with various kinds of laryngeal diseases. PP indicates the amount of irregular vibration of vocal folds and I/F represents efficient transition from MFR to acoustic energy. When phonation at different intensities ,MFR,P and I/F increase but PP decreases when I increases. At moderate intensity phonation, there are positive correlations between MFR and I,and between I and P but negative correlation between MFR and I/F,between I(male) and PP,and between P(fe-male) and PP.Most of the patients with laryngeal diseases showed higher MFR and PP but lower I/F than normal subjects.MFR, PP and I/F could be used as objective and quantitative parameters with I and P as reference parameters in assessing laryngeal function of phonation.