诈骗犯、暴力犯的黑暗三人格与创造力及标新立异的关系

目的:探讨诈骗犯和暴力犯的黑暗三人格、创造力及标新立异的特点及差异,并探究黑暗三人格对创造性和标新立异的预测作用。方法:在北京市某监狱选取了108名成年男性诈骗犯和142名成年男性暴力犯,施测高夫创造力量表、短式黑暗三联征量表和标新立异量表。结果:(1)两类罪犯的马基雅维利主义、精神病态、自恋、黑暗三人格总分均与标新立异显著正相关(r=0.389,0.616,0.374,0.614;P0.01),马基雅维利主义、自恋、黑暗三人格总分与创造力显著正相关(r=0.151,0.398,0.251;P0.05或P0.01),创造力与标新立异显著正相关(r=0.137,P0.05);(2)回归分析表明,马基雅维利主义、精神病态、自恋显著正向预测标新立异(B=0.192,B=0.775,B=0.297;P0.001),仅自恋因子可以显著正向预测创造力(B=0.347,P0.001);(3)诈骗犯的创造力显著高于暴力犯(t=3.53,P0.001),精神病态(t=-1.86,P=0.064)和标新立异程度(t=-1.75,P=0.087)低于暴力犯,均达到边缘显著水平。结论:黑暗三人格与创造力和标新立异关系密切,不同犯罪类型的罪犯具有不同的人格和特质特点。

The Dark Triad,Creative and Impulsive Nonconformity in Fraud and Violent Offenders

Objective:To research the differences between fraud offenders and violent offenders in characteristics of the Dark Triad,creative personality and impulsive nonconformity,and investigate the predictive role of Dark Triad on creativity and impulsive nonconformity.Methods:One hundrend and eight adult male fraud offenders and one hundred forty two adult male violent offenders from a prison in Beijing were recruited.Short Dark Triad,Gough Personality Scale and Psychopathic Personality Inventory were used to assess characteristics of both groups.Results:①Machia vellians,psychopathy,narcissism and the SD3 total score were significantly positively related to impulsive noncon formity(r 0.389,0.616,0.374,0.614;P＜0.01).Machiavellians,narcissism and the SD3 total score were significantly positively related to creative (r =0.151,0.398,0.251;P ＜0.05).Creative was significantly positively related to impulsive nonconformity(r=0.137,P＜0.05);②Regression analysis showed that machiavellians,psychopathy,narcissism could positively forecast impulsive nonconformity (B=0.192,0.775,0.297;P ＜ 0.001),only narcissism could positively forecast creative(B=0.347,P＜0.001);③Fraud offenders' score in psychopathy(t=1.86,P 0.064)and impulsive nonconformity(t=-1.75,P 0.087)were lower than violent offenders,reached to the edge of a significant level;score in creative personality was significant higher than violent offenders(t =3.53,P ＜0.001).Conclusion:The Dark Triadhas a significant relationship with impulsive nonconformity,different types of criminals have different personality and characteristics.