煤炭企业高管知觉压力、应对方式与心理健康的关系

目的:对煤炭企业高管的知觉压力、应对方式与心理健康的关系进行研究。方法:对238名国有煤炭企业高管实施症状自评量表(SCL-90)和知觉压力量表、简易应对方式问卷测试,将测试结果进行统计分析。结果:(1)煤炭企业高管的SCL-90总分、人际关系障碍、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖和偏执因子得分低于全国常模,具有统计学意义(t=-3.074~-7.654,P0.001);(2)高管知觉压力状况得分低于全国常模,具有统计学意义(t=-17.559,P0.001)。高管积极应对维度得分高于常模,具有统计学意义(t=9.758,P0.001);消极应对维度得分低于常模,具有统计学意义(t=-16.320,P0.001);(3)高管知觉压力和SCL-90总分及其各因子呈显著正相关,具有统计学意义(r=0.304~0.502,P0.01);积极应对方式与抑郁、焦虑和饮食睡眠障碍因子呈显著负相关,具有统计学意义(r=-0.059~-0.190,P0.05);消极应对方式与SCL-90总分及其各因子呈显著正相关,具有统计学意义(r=0.151~0.255,P0.05)。知觉压力与积极应对呈显著负相关,具有统计学意义(r=-0.267,P0.01);(4)知觉压力与消极应对方式对煤炭企业高管的心理健康水平具有较显著的影响和较好的预测作用(F=28.224,P0.001)。结论:煤炭企业高管的心理健康水平良好,与其知觉压力水平低及良好的应对方式密切相关。

The Relationship between Coal Enterprise Executives' Perceived Stress,Coping Styles and Mental Health

Objective:To study the relationgship between coal enterprise executives perceived stress,coping styles and mental health.Methods:A total of 238 state-owned coal enterprise executives were tested by symptom self-as sessment scale(SCL-90),perceived stress scale and simple coping style scale.Results:.① In the SCL-90 results of coal enterprise executives,the total score,interpersonal dysfunction,depression,anxiety,hostile,terror,paranoid factor had a significantly lower score than that of the national norm (t =-3.074～ 7.654,P＜0.001).②The executives had a significantly lower score than that of the national norm on perceived stress (t=17.559,P＜0.001).The scores in positive coping of executives were significantly higher than the national norm(t =9.758,P ＜0.001).Negative coping scores were significantly lower than the national norm(t-16.320,P＜0.001).③Executivesperceived stress and SCL-90 total score and each factor were significantly positively correlation (r =0.304 ～ 0.502,P ＜ 0.01);positive coping styles were significantly negatively associated with depression,anxiety and eat sleep obstacle factors (r =-0.059 ～-0.190,P ＜0.05);negative coping styles and SCL-90 total score and each factor were significantly positive ly related(r=0.151 ～0.255,P＜0.05).Perceived stress and positive coping styles were significantly negatively corre l ation(r =0.267,P＜0.01).④Perceived stress and negative coping styles of coal enterprise executives had a s ignificant effect and good prediction effect to mental health (F =28.224,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion:Coal enterprise executives get a good mental health level,which is closely associated with lower perceived stress and better coping styles.