军人负性应激事件量表的编制与信效度研究

目的:编制军人负性应激事件量表,检验其信效度。方法:根据应激-易感模型和理性-理论化法,结合军事职业特点,拟定原始条目池;专家对原始题目进行甄别并进行完善;对125名军队基层指挥官进行开放式问卷调查以量化评估条目,据此增减、修正,编制初始量表;专家进一步对初始量表进行量化确认。施测1257名现役军人,分析量表的信效度。结果:依据应激事件发生时间的不同,量表分为急性应激和慢性应激两个分量表,包括39个相同条目,分为军事应激、婚恋家庭应激、团队人际应激、其他个人应激4个因子。急、慢性应激两个分量表的Cronbach'α系数分别为0.856、0.914;急性应激各因子与其总分相关为0.630~0.848,慢性应激各因子与其总分相关为0.779~0.882;急性应激与焦虑相关显著(r=0.391,P0.01)、慢性应激与抑郁相关显著(r=0.494,P0.01)。结论:军人负性应激事件量表的信效度良好,适用于军队心理卫生工作。

Development of Military Negative Stress Events Scale and Its Reliability and Validity

Objective:To develop a scale of negative stress events in military personnel and to investigate the relia-bility and validity of the new measure.Methods:Based on the stress-susceptibility model and rational-theoretical method,combined with the feature of military life,the original items pool was drawn up;psychological experts exam-ined and screened the items;a total of 125 leaders from grass-roots units participated the open survey and evaluated each item quantitatively so as to develop the original scale;the experts authorized the scale quantitatively.According to the scores,items were added,removed and improved,then the initial scale was developed.Totally 1257 military personnel were investigated with the scale,of which the reliability and validity were tested.Results:Based on the time when a certain event happened,the scale was divided into two subscales,namely acute stress and chronic stress.Each subscale contained 39 same items.Both of them were a four dimensional structure,including military stress factor, marital stress factor,interpersonal stress factor and other stress factor.Cronbach'αcoefficient of the subscale of acute stress and chronic stress was 0.856 and 0.914 respectively;the correlation between the factors of the subscale of a-cute stress and the subscale was from 0.630 to 0.848,the correlation between the factors of the subscale of chronic stress and the subscale was from 0.779 to 0.882.The correlation between Beck depression rating scale and the sub-scale of chronic stress was significant(r =0.391,P <0.01),the correlation between Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7)and the subscale of acute stress was significant(r = 0.494,P < 0.01 ).Conclusion:The Scale of Military Negative Stress Events has a good reliability and validity,which can be used in military psychology services.