氯胺酮对大鼠学习记忆功能及海马神经元的影响

目的了解多次氯胺酮给药对学习记忆功能的影响及机制。方法SD大鼠30只随机分为高剂量组、低剂量组和1个对照组,高、低剂量组大鼠分别予以氯胺酮50和10 mg/kg腹腔注射给药,1次/d,连续7 d。对照组予以等量生理盐水。用水迷宫测试各组大鼠寻找隐匿台的逃避潜伏期和空间搜索能力,原位检测海马神经元凋亡情况,电子显微镜观察神经元超微结构变化。结果高剂量组逃避潜伏期显著延长(P<0.01),并且空间搜索能力明显降低(P<0.01);高剂量组海马神经元凋亡指数显著高于对照组(P<0.01);电子显微镜显示高剂量组海马神经元有明显变性。结论多次使用氯胺酮对学习记忆有损害,这种损害作用可能与海马神经元病变有关。

Effects of ketamine on the learning and memory function of rats

Objective To study the effects on the learning and memory function of rats after using ketamine(Ket) repeatedly.Methods 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,which were respectively administered intraperitoneally with 50,10 mg/kg Ket and equal volume of 0.9% saline solution for a week.The Morris water maze was used to test the ability of learning and spatial localization of rats.The hippocampus was removed for electron microscopic examination and the neuron apoptosis test.Results In 50 mg/kg Ket group,the escape latency was significantly longer(P<0.01),the ability of spatial localization was lower(P<0.01) and the indices of neuron apoptosis in hippocampus were higher(P<0.01) than the other groups.Electron microscopy also showed that some obviously degenerative changes occurred in hippocampal neurons of rats treated with 50 mg/kg Ket.Conclusion Repeated using with Ket may impair the function of learning and memory.The functional impairment induced by Ket is probably related to hippocampal neuron injuries.