抗哮喘药物对大鼠气道重塑模型干预效果的评价

目的：观察辅舒酮和喘乐宁联合用药和孟鲁斯特对大鼠哮喘气道重塑模型的干预效果，阐明哮喘及气道重塑的发病机制。 方法：40只Wistar大鼠随机分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组（模型组），给药1组（辅舒酮和喘乐宁雾化吸入）和给药2组（给予孟鲁斯特），每组10只。采用卵清蛋白（OVA）致敏和激发， 建立大鼠哮喘气道重塑模型。观察各组大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中炎性细胞数目的变化；检测大鼠血清IL-12水平的变化及与气道重塑的关系，观察气道纤毛上皮细胞、成纤维细胞、平滑肌细胞结构的变化。结果：与阴性对照组比较，阳性对照组大鼠BALF中炎性细胞数明显升高(P<0.05）；与阳性对照组,给药1组和给药2组大鼠BALF中炎性细胞数明显降低(P<0.05），但给药1组与给药2组比较差异无显著性(P<0.05）。与阴性对照组比较，阳性对照组大鼠血清IL-12水平明显降低(P<0.05）；与阳性对照组比较，给药1组和给药2组大鼠血清IL-12水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01）；且给药1组与给药2组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01）。与给药2组比较，给药1组大鼠气道纤毛排列整齐，弹力纤维基本正常，胞核及胞质无明显改变；平滑肌轻度增厚，淋巴细胞中度浸润。结论：辅舒酮和喘乐宁联合用药较孟鲁斯特更能抑制炎性细胞浸润，减轻气道慢性炎症，从而减弱哮喘气道重塑，降低气道高反应性，保护气道形态和功能。

Evaluation on intervention of anti-asthmatic drugs on rat airway remodeling

Objective To study the intervention of fluticasone combined with ventolin and montelukast sodium on rat asthmatic airway remodeling and clarify the mechanisms of asthma and airway remodeling.Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into negative control group,positive control group(model),drug 1 group(inhaled with fluticasone and ventolin)and drug 2 group(administered with montelukast sodium),10 rats in each group.OVA was used to set up rat asthma airway remodeling.The number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)was observed,the serum IL-12 levels were detected in various groups,and the changes of ciliated epithelial cells,fibroblasts,and smooth muscle cells were also observed.Results Compared with negative control group,the number of inflammatory cells in rat BALF in positive control group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with positive control group,the number of inflammatory cells in rat BALF in drug 1 group and drug 2 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);but there was no significant difference between drug 1 group and drug 2 group(P>0.05).Compared with negative control group,the serum IL-12 level of rats in positive control group was decreased(P<0.05);compared with positive control group,the serum IL-12 levels of rats in drug 1 group and drug 2 group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);and there was significant difference between drug 1 group and drug 2 group(P<0.01).Compared with drug 2 group,the airway cilia arranged regularly,the elastic fibers were basically normal,the karyon and cytoplasm had no changes,the smooth muscle mildly thickened,the lymphocytes moderately infiltrated in drug 1 group.Conclusion Fluticasone combined with ventolin can inhibit the infiltration of inflammatory cells,alleviate the airway inflammation,weaken asthma airway remodeling,and decrease the high airway reactivity to protect the morphology and function of airway.