新生儿惊厥176例临床分析

目的讨探新生儿惊厥的病因、临床表现特点,以有效控制惊厥的发作,早期干预减少后遗症。方法对我院新生儿科的176例新生儿惊厥患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果显示以缺氧缺血性脑病和颅内出血多见,发病时间多在生后3 d内;其次为低血钙和低血糖,发病时间多在生后1周;而感染多发生于1周后。结论早期发生惊厥者主要与围产期窒息有关,本组缺氧缺血性脑病占首位,其次是颅内出血,常在出生12~24 h发病,出生1周后发病者应考虑感染和电解质紊乱。因此强调加强围产期保健,提高产科技术,建立高危新生儿监护的重要性,早期干预,有助于降低发病率、病死率及后遗症。

Clinical Analysis of 176 Infants with Neonatal Convulsions

Objective To investigate the etiology,clinical manifestation of neonatal convulsion,to find the effective treatment to control the episode of neonatal convulsion and the early intervention to prevent the sequelae.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 176 cases of neonatal convulsion.Results The most common etiologies were hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and intracranial hemorrhage,both of them occurred within 3 days after birth.The next frequent etiologies are hypocalcemia and hypoglycemia,mostly occurring within one week after birth.However,most of the infections occurred after the first week of life.Conclusions The early onset of neonatal convulsions is related to peripartum suffocation.Our study showed that the most common etiology of neonatal convulsion is the hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,followed by the intracranial hemorrhage and most of them occurred within 12 to 24 hours after birth.For the neonatal convulsions occurred after the first week of life,the infection and electrolytes disturbance should be considered as the etiology.Our study suggests that the enhancement of peripartum care,improvement of delivery techniques,neonatal monitoring for high-risk neonates and early intervention will reduce the morbidity,mortality and sequelae.