中国人群尿道下裂发病相关危险因素的研究

采用病例对照研究，分析中国人群尿道下裂发病的可能危险因素。所有病例均来自安徽省各地区的三级甲等医院。研究采取调查问卷的形式。病例组193例，对照组835例。结果显示合并其他先天性畸形的例数占病例组的13．0％，以隐睾为主（9．8％）。10例（5．1％）有泌尿生殖系统畸形家族史，其中5例（2．6％）为尿道下裂。尿道下裂发病的高危因素包括孕妇年龄〉35岁（OR：1．47）、年龄〈18岁（OR：2．95），以及母亲在怀孕期间饮酒（OR：27．6）、服用药物（OR：1．53）、感染（OR：1．87）。父母从事农业生产亦为患儿尿道下裂发病的高危因素之一（母亲OR：1．68、父亲OR：1．74）。其余研究因素差异无统计学意义。

Risk factors for hypospadias in China

This case-controlled study was designed to evaluate the association between various baseline parental factors and the risk of hypospadias in China. Patients were selected from tertiary referral hospitals in Anhui, a province in mid-eastern China. A questionnaire was given to the parents of each patient. The final database included 193 cases and 835 controls. The incidence of additional coexistent anomalies was 13.0%, primarily cryptorchidism （9.8%）. Ten patients （5.1%） were from families with genital anomaly, including five families （2.6%） with hypospadias. The risks of hypospadias was higher for children of mothers 〉 35 （odds ratio [OR] =1.47） and 〈 18 （OR = 2.95） years of age, and in mothers who had consumed alcohol （OR = 2.67）, used drugs （OR = 1.53） and had an infection （OR = 1.87） during pregnancy. The risk of hypospadias was also higher when mothers （OR = 1.68） and fathers （OR = 1.74） were engaged in agriculture. Other factors assessed were not associated with the risk of hypospadias.